{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:55:23Z","timestamp":1760061323009,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedical Chromatography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, it was aimed to optimize the extraction of fumaric acid from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Fumaria officinalis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> L. by response surface methodology and its quantification by a newly developed and validated reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method. Chromatographic separations were performed at 40\u00b0C with a C18 column. Aqueous o\u2010phosphoric acid solution and methanol were used as the mobile phase by gradient elution. The flow rate was set at 1.0\u2009mL\/min, and the injection volume was 20\u2009\u03bcL. Fumaric acid was detected at 215\u2009nm with a UV detector. The method was linear in the range of 10.00\u2013200.00\u2009\u03bcg\/mL. The limits of detection and quantification were 3.02\u2009\u03bcg\/mL and 9.15\u2009\u03bcg\/mL, respectively. The relative mean errors were \u2264\u20093.77%, whereas the relative standard deviation values were calculated as \u2264\u20090.48%. The conditions to obtain an extract with high fumaric acid content were optimized by central composite design, a type of response surface methodology. The independent variables were extraction time, solvent volume, and temperature for the maceration procedure, where fumaric acid concentration was the response. The experimental model was evaluated statistically and found to fit well, considering the lack\u2010of\u2010fit <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> value of 0.211 and coefficient of determination 0.9862 at a confidence level of 95%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.70173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T09:36:02Z","timestamp":1753176962000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Response Surface Methodology\u2010Based Extraction of Fumaric Acid From <scp><i>Fumaria officinalis<\/i><\/scp> L. and Quantification by RP\u2010HPLC"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Gunay","family":"Mammadova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Istanbul University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9871-1710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pelin","family":"Koseoglu\u2010Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Istanbul University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2022.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.05.098"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Constituents and Pharmacology of Fumaria officinalis\u2014A Review","volume":"10","author":"Al\u2010Snafi A. 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