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The risk of adverse reactions, as well as accurate quantification of MCP in pharmaceutical products and biological samples, is essential for quality control, pharmacokinetic assessment, and therapeutic monitoring. Relevant studies for this review were gathered from major scientific databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and PubMed, restricted to publications written in English. This review provides a critical overview of analytical techniques reported over the last 25\u2009years for MCP determination, focusing on chromatographic, spectroscopic, and electroanalytical methods. Chromatographic techniques\u2014particularly high\u2010performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)\u2014remain the gold standard due to their robustness, precision, and compatibility with diverse sample matrices. Advanced LC\u2013MS\/MS systems offer exceptional sensitivity, reaching pg\u2013ng\/mL levels, which is particularly valuable in bioanalytical applications. HPLC\u2010UV approaches, though less sensitive, are cost\u2010effective and suitable for routine quality assessment. Spectroscopic methods such as UV\u2013Vis spectroscopy are rapid and affordable but limited by poor selectivity in complex matrices. Electrochemical and voltammetric methods have recently gained attention, offering low cost, speed, and remarkable sensitivity, especially with nanomaterial\u2010modified electrodes. Remaining challenges include MCP instability, matrix interferences, and balancing sensitivity with accessibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.70316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T03:45:18Z","timestamp":1766720718000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Analytical Techniques for Quantification of Metoclopramide: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Hemn\u00a0A.\u00a0H.","family":"Barzani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science Lebanese French University  Erbil Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3774-6071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebaz\u00a0Anwar","family":"Omer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Health Koya University  Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khalamala\u00a0Ibrahim\u00a0Salih","family":"Barzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Mergasor Technical Institute Erbil Polytechnic University  Erbil Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zanco\u00a0Hassan","family":"Jawhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences Hawler Medical University  Erbil Kurdistan Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seerwan\u00a0Hamadameen","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science Lebanese French University  Erbil Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfin.2020.100484"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10812-021-01191-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/JLC-120028254"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2009.10.004"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","first-page":"800","article-title":"Machine Learning for Automation: Developing Data\u2010Driven Solutions for Process Optimization and Accuracy Improvement","volume":"2","author":"Adekunle B. 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