{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:14:53Z","timestamp":1778822093726,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedical Chromatography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Hyperuricemia is a common metabolic disorder associated with gout, renal dysfunction, and cardiovascular complications. Although\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Astragalus membranaceus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    has long been used in traditional medicine, the influence of gut microbiota biotransformation on its potential urate\u2010lowering activity remains unclear. In this study, ethanol and water extracts of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Astragalus membranaceus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    were subjected to in\u00a0vitro fecal microbiota biotransformation, and their xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activities before and after biotransformation were compared. The transformed ethanol extract was further fractionated by solvent partitioning, and the resulting fractions were characterized by UPLC\u2010MS\/MS. The results showed that biotransformation altered the XO inhibitory activity of both extracts, with a more evident increase in the ethanol extract than in the water extract. Among the solvent fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity. Chemical profiling tentatively characterized 62 compounds and revealed marked compositional changes after biotransformation, particularly a reduction in glycosidic constituents together with enrichment of corresponding aglycone\u2010related compounds. These findings suggest that gut microbiota biotransformation may be an important factor influencing the potential urate\u2010lowering activity of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Astragalus membranaceus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and provide a basis for further identification of its bioactive constituents.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.70464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:35:38Z","timestamp":1777505738000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhance Uric Acid\u2013Lowering Activity of\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Astragalus membranaceus<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    via Gut Microbiota Biotransformation: Correlation of Chemical Composition With Efficacy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Zhizi","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoni","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Yantai Shandong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Xv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Xiandai College  Jinan Shandong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meichao","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5539-4690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honglei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Jinan China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-025-01467-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-016-0998-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"180","article-title":"Chemical Components From Stems Astragalus Falcatus, Growing in Georgia","volume":"312","author":"Alania M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Georgian Medical News"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1249878"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.0c00245"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-022-04097-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2011.08.089"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-017-0737-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9888(200004)35:4<540::AID-JMS966>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200222666211126093124"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-024-04411-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2024.1462309"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hlca.200790116"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0118715230280333231207114927"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2021.1903003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:GROW.0000040118.68011.6a"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10337-019-03740-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"694","article-title":"Isolation and Identification of Chemical Constituents of Astragalus Root","volume":"25","author":"He Z. 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