{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T16:09:22Z","timestamp":1789661362824,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedical Chromatography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Crotonoside, a main bioactive component in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Croton tiglium<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    L., exhibits promising antitumor and immunological activities. This study developed and validated a rapid, sensitive LC\u2013MS\/MS method for the quantification of crotonoside in rat plasma. The mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution\u2010acetonitrile (50:50, v\/v) with a flow rate of 0.2\u2009mL\/min. Rats were randomly divided into two groups for intragastric and intravenous administration, respectively. Protein precipitation by acetonitrile was used to separate crotonoside from the plasma samples. The samples were analyzed using a validated method. Method validation included linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and sample stability. The linear range of crotonoside was 20\u201310,000\u2009ng\/mL. Recoveries ranged 93.5%\u2013101.7% with precision (RSD \u2264\u20097.7%). Matrix effects and stability were acceptable. Crotonoside pharmacokinetics after intragastric administration were as follows: maximum drug concentration (C\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), 2.35\u2009\u00b1\u20092.71\u2009\u03bcg\/mL; area under drug concentration time curve (AUC\n                    <jats:sub>0\u2010\u221e<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), 2.30\u2009\u00b1\u20091.21\u2009\u03bcg*h\/mL; and half\u2010life (t\n                    <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), 6.33\u2009\u00b1\u200911.24\u2009h. For intravenous administration, values were C\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 5.86\u2009\u00b1\u20090.99\u2009\u03bcg\/mL; AUC\n                    <jats:sub>0\u2010\u221e<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 3.13\u2009\u00b1\u20091.84\u2009\u03bcg*h\/mL; and t\n                    <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 5.25\u2009\u00b1\u20092.34\u2009h. Oral bioavailability was 36.7%. The assay has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of crotonoside in rats.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.70619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:08:54Z","timestamp":1789466934000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["LC\u2013MS\/MS Determination of Crotonoside in Rat Plasma and Application to Pharmacokinetic Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline, Qingdao Central Hospital University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7192-6201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Da","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy Ocean University of China  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline, Qingdao Central Hospital University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rugui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline, Qingdao Central Hospital University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xintong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy Ocean University of China  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boya","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy Ocean University of China  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy Ocean University of China  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9504-891X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingming","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy Ocean University of China  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6405-9130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherwin K. B.","family":"Sy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy Ocean University of China  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline, Qingdao Central Hospital University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14744\/hf.2023.2023.0047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01282-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S543849"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"FDA.2018. \u201cBioanalytical Method Validation\u201d."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imr.2015.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"4893","article-title":"Croton Tiglium Extract Induces Apoptosis via Bax\/Bcl\u20102 Pathways in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells","volume":"17","author":"Li C.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20710"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9111535"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000045534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"611","article-title":"Antinociceptive and Smooth Muscle Relaxant Activity of Croton tiglium L Seed: An In\u2010Vitro and In\u2010Vivo Study","volume":"11","author":"Liu Z.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27185804"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177859"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16078454.2023.2196482"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Anticonvulsant Effect of Hydroalcoholic Seed Extract of Croton tiglium in Rats and Mice","volume":"8","author":"Mudium R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231437"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"205","article-title":"Gastro Intestinal Effects of Croton tiglium in Experimental Animals","volume":"18","author":"Pillai N. 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