{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:49:39Z","timestamp":1791982179393,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82104395"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82104395"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedical Chromatography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n The dried rhizome of Polygonati Rhizoma, known as Huangjing, is commonly used clinically in both its raw and wine\u2010processed forms. However, the distinctions in quality between them remain unclear, and the methods for identifying them are considerably intricate. This study aimed to analyze the differences in color and changes in key components between raw and wine\u2010processed Polygonati Rhizoma, to reveal the correlation between the color and chemical components of Polygonati Rhizoma before and after processing, and to provide a reference for the identification and quality evaluation of Polygonati Rhizoma processed products. Based on the subjective judgment of the external properties of raw and wine\u2010processed Polygonati Rhizoma by the eyes, an electronic eye was used to quantify their color objectively. The contents of extractum and polysaccharide were determined, and HPLC fingerprint profiles of raw and wine\u2010processed Polygonati Rhizoma were also established to represent their chemical composition characteristics systematically. Chemometric analysis was performed using SIMCA 14.1 to evaluate their quality differences, while SPSS 27.0 and Origin software were employed for correlation analysis between color and chemical components. From raw to wine\u2010processed Polygonati Rhizoma, the color of the samples darkened. Polysaccharide showed a decreasing trend, while extractum increased. The results of the HPLC fingerprint indicated significant chemical differences between raw and processed samples. Peaks were identified as 5\u2010HMF (Peak 10), DDMP (Peak 12), and polygonatine A (Peak 17). By comparing the peak areas of 18 chromatographic peaks of the samples, it was revealed that from raw to processed samples, the peak areas of seven chromatographic peaks increased, one decreased, seven new components were newly generated, and three components disappeared. Based on OPLS\u2010DA analysis of peak areas, the samples could be classified into two groups clearly; there were five chromatographic peaks with a VIP value greater than 1.0. The chromatographic peaks were numbered in order of their value as 7, 10, 17, 16, and 8; these five components were the main factors that distinguished raw and processed samples. Correlation analysis showed that the polysaccharides were positively correlated with\n L<\/jats:italic>\n *,\n b<\/jats:italic>\n *, and\n E<\/jats:italic>\n \n ab<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n * but negatively correlated with\n a<\/jats:italic>\n *. Extractum and Peaks 7, 8, 10, 16, and 17 were significantly negatively correlated with\n L<\/jats:italic>\n *,\n b<\/jats:italic>\n *, and\n E<\/jats:italic>\n \n ab<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n * but positively correlated with\n a<\/jats:italic>\n *. Regression analysis indicated that the contents of Peaks 7, 17, and 8, extractum, and polysaccharides could be predicted by combining the chromatic values with the regression equations, while the other components could not. This study showed that chromaticity could serve as an effective tool for predicting the component content of raw and wine\u2010processed Polygonati Rhizoma. It will provide new ideas and methods for the identification and quality evaluation of different Polygonati Rhizoma processed products and offer a reference for standardizing traditional Chinese medicine processing techniques.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.70621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T08:09:07Z","timestamp":1789718947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quality Difference Analysis of Raw and Wine\u2010Processed Polygonati Rhizoma Based on Correlation Between Color and Component"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force 986 Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingjie","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binrong","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6111-7315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yijun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xianyang China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Prepared Slices Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Xuanyuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd Yanan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Discrimination and Color Component Correlation Analysis of Citrus Medica Before and After Processing Based on Machine Vision System","volume":"40","author":"Chen W.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, Part I, the 2025 Edition","author":"Commission, 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Formulas","volume":"28","author":"Ma C.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"381","article-title":"Establishment of High Performance Liquid Chromatography Fingerprint and Determination of Polysaccharide Content in Polygonatum kingianum From Different Origins","volume":"49","author":"Ma Q.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Guizhou Medical University"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"176","article-title":"Analysis on Historical Evolution of Steaming Methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"27","author":"Meng J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae"},{"issue":"01","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Correlation Between the Processing of Wine\u2010Steamed Rehmanniae Radix and the Maillard Reaction Based on HPLC\u2010MS and Network Pharmacology","volume":"43","author":"Meng X.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials"},{"issue":"15","key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"5083","article-title":"Research on Change Discipline of Main Composition and Chromaticity Value and Hemostatic Effect of Scutellariae Radix in Process of Frying Charcoal","volume":"55","author":"Qiao R.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs"},{"issue":"04","key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"379","article-title":"The History of Origin Processing and Processing Methods of Polygonati Rhizoma","volume":"37","author":"Qu S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/ijecc\/2023\/v13i123750"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Research Progress on Chemical Composition and Medicinal Value of Huangjing (Polygonatum sibiricum)","volume":"42","author":"Song T.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"05","key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"881","article-title":"Research Progress on Chemical Components and Pharmacological Effects of Polygonati Rhizoma and Prediction Analysis of Quality Marker","volume":"36","author":"Wang C.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Natural Product Research and Development"},{"issue":"03","key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"513","article-title":"Development and Application of the Traditional Chinese Medicine \u201cQuality Evaluation Through Morphological Identification\u201d","volume":"44","author":"Wang H.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","unstructured":"Wu Y.2013. \u201cEffect of Processing Methods on the Active Components and Fingerprints of Polygonati Rhizoma.\u201d Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University."},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Fingerprint Chromatography and Component Analysis of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua Based on HS\u2010GC\u2010MS","volume":"20","author":"Xiao M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Traditional Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","first-page":"2305","article-title":"Analyzing Crude\/Processed Root of Polygonum multiflorum From Different Habitats by UPLC Fingerprint and Mode Identification Methods","volume":"42","author":"Xiao R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi = China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"A Theory on \u201cAssessing Quality Based on Appearance\u201d in Traditional Experience\u2010Based Identification of Chinese Materia Medica Varieties","volume":"03","author":"Xie Z.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research"},{"issue":"02","key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Quality Evaluation Method for Chinese Medicine Based on Color Grading","volume":"41","author":"Xu M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica"},{"issue":"04","key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","first-page":"1241","article-title":"Quality Evaluation of Polygonati Rhizoma and Its Correlation With the Traditional Theory of \u201cAssessing Quality Based on Appearance\u201d","volume":"45","author":"Xu R.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chinese Traditional Patent Medicine"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"Herbal Textual Research on Polygonati Rhizoma and Ethnic Usage","volume":"27","author":"Xu Y.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","first-page":"2499","article-title":"UPLC Fingerprint and Multi\u2010Components Content Determination of Different Processed Products of Angelica sinensis","volume":"44","author":"Yan W.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi = China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"UPLC Fingerprint Combined With Chemical Pattern Recognition to Evaluate Quality of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua From Different Production Areas","volume":"16","author":"Yang W.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharm Clin Chin Materia M\u00e9dica"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","first-page":"4575","article-title":"Research Progress on Processing of Rhizoma Polygonati","volume":"32","author":"Yi S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy"},{"issue":"09","key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","first-page":"1220","article-title":"Correlation Between the Yin\u2010Nourishing Effect of Aqueous Decoction of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua Processed Products and Its Components Based on Grey Relational Analysis","volume":"17","author":"Yu H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","first-page":"849","article-title":"Component Variation Patterns and Quality Evaluation of Polygonati Rhizoma During Wine Processing Based on HPLC Fingerprint and Multi\u2010Component Dynamic Analysis","volume":"37","author":"Zhan Z.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Natural Product Research and Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/separations12040081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116296"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","volume-title":"Traditional Chinese Pharmacy","author":"Zhong G.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","volume-title":"Processing of Chinese Materia Medica","author":"Zhong L.","year":"2021"},{"issue":"03","key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","first-page":"186","article-title":"Development History and Modern Research Progress of TCM Steaming","volume":"31","author":"Zhou J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"21","key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","first-page":"5614","article-title":"Quality Evaluation of Polygonatum cyrtonema Based on HPLC Fingerprint and Multi\u2010Component Quantitative Analysis","volume":"46","author":"Zhou Y.","year":"2021","journal-title":"China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica"},{"issue":"09","key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","first-page":"2382","article-title":"Color\u2010Component Correlation and Mechanism of Component Transformation of Processed Citri Reticulatae Semen","volume":"50","author":"Zhu K.","year":"2025","journal-title":"China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica"}],"container-title":["Biomedical Chromatography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bmc.70621","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/bmc.70621","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bmc.70621","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:20:18Z","timestamp":1791980418000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bmc.70621"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bmc.70621"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bmc.70621","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-3879","1099-0801"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-3879","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0801","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70621"}}