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The inferior colliculus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IC<\/jats:styled-content>) receives inputs from all lower brainstem auditory nuclei, i.e., cochlear nuclei, nuclei of the lateral lemniscus, and superior olivary complex, and create de novo responses to sound, which is considered crucial for echolocation. Inside the central nucleus of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IC<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICC<\/jats:styled-content>), small domains which receive specific combination of extrinsic inputs are the basis of integration of sound information. In addition to extrinsic inputs, each domain is interconnected by local <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IC<\/jats:styled-content> neurons but the cell types related to the interconnection are not well\u2010understood. The primary objective of the current study is to examine whether the ascending inputs are reorganized and terminate in microdomains inside the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We made injection of a retrograde tracer into different parts of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICC<\/jats:styled-content>, and analyzed distribution of retrogradely labeled cells in the auditory brainstem of Japanese house bat (<jats:italic>Pipistrellus abramus<\/jats:italic>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pattern of ascending projections from brainstem nuclei was similar to other bat species. Percentages of labeled cells in several nuclei were correlated each other. Furthermore, within the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IC<\/jats:styled-content>, we identified that large <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>ergic (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LG<\/jats:styled-content>) and glutamatergic neurons made long\u2010range connection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Synaptic organization of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IC<\/jats:styled-content> of Japanese house bat shows specialization which is likely to relate for echolocation. Input nuclei to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IC<\/jats:styled-content> make clusters which terminate in specific part of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICC<\/jats:styled-content>, implying the presence of microdomains. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LG<\/jats:styled-content> neurons have roles for binding <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IC<\/jats:styled-content> microdomains.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T11:47:47Z","timestamp":1531396067000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Organization of projection from brainstem auditory nuclei to the inferior colliculus of Japanese house bat (<i>Pipistrellus abramus<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4516-9283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetsufumi","family":"Ito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy Kanazawa Medical University  Uchinada Japan"},{"name":"Research and Education Program for Life Science University of Fukui  Fukui Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Furuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroethology and Bioengineering Laboratory Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences Doshisha University  Kyotanabe Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuma","family":"Hase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroethology and Bioengineering Laboratory Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences Doshisha University  Kyotanabe Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kohta 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