{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T19:10:03Z","timestamp":1775243403450,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]],"date-time":"2018-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is frequently associated with aquaporin\u20104 autoantibodies (AQP4\u2010Ab); however, studies of NMO in Lithuania are lacking. Therefore, the main objective of our study is to assess positivity for AQP4\u2010Ab in patients presenting with inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) diseases other than typical multiple sclerosis (MS) in Lithuania.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data were collected from the two largest University hospitals in Lithuania. During the study period, there were 121 newly diagnosed typical MS cases, which were included in the MS registry database. After excluding these typical MS cases, we analyzed the remaining 29 cases of other CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases, including atypical MS (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a014), acute transverse myelitis, TM (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a08), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, ADEM (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a03), clinically isolated syndrome, CIS (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a02), atypical optic neuritis, ON (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01), and NMO (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01). We assessed positivity for AQP4\u2010Ab for the 29 patients and evaluated clinical, laboratory, and instrumental differences between AQP4\u2010Ab seropositive and AQP4\u2010Ab seronegative patient groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      AQP4\u2010Ab test was positive for three (10.3%) patients in our study, with initial diagnoses of atypical MS (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a02) and ADEM (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01). One study patient was AQP4\u2010Ab negative despite being previously clinically diagnosed with NMO. There were no significant clinical, laboratory, or instrumental differences between the groups of AQP4\u2010Ab positive (3 [10.3%]) and negative (26 [89.7%]) patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AQP4\u2010Ab test was positive for one\u2010tenth of patients with CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases other than typical MS in our study. AQP4\u2010Ab testing is highly recommended for patients presenting with not only TM and ON but also an atypical course of MS and ADEM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]],"date-time":"2018-10-05T14:30:54Z","timestamp":1538749854000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Detection of aquaporin\u20104 antibodies for patients with CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases other than typical MS in Lithuania"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0969-3467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Egl\u0117","family":"Sakalauskait\u0117\u2010Juodeikien\u0117","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giedr\u0117","family":"Armalien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rasa","family":"Kizlaitien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loreta","family":"Bagdonait\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2111-363X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nata\u0161a","family":"Giedraitien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4327-6651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalia","family":"Mickevi\u010dien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos Kaunas Lithuania"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical Academy Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5603-2357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daiva","family":"Rastenyt\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos Kaunas Lithuania"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical Academy Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4998-8403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gintaras","family":"Kaubrys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6159-4795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalius","family":"Jatu\u017eis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"Balnyt\u0117 R.(2012).Imunogenetini\u0173 veiksni\u0173 reik\u0161m\u0117 sergan\u010di\u0173j\u0173 i\u0161s\u0117tine skleroze ligos eigos formai ir negaliai [The role of immunogenetic factors on disease course and disability in multiple sclerosis]. PhD thesis.Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Medical Academy Kaunas."},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1212\/01.CON.0000433282.00221.7e","article-title":"Optic neuritis and the evaluation of visual impairment in multiple sclerosis","volume":"19","author":"Bermel R. 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Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.stat.gov.lt\/en\/home. Accessed May 8 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","volume-title":"Proteins of the cerebrospinal fluid. Analysis and interpretation in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disease","author":"Thompson E. 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