{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T20:50:06Z","timestamp":1784580606621,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,6]],"date-time":"2019-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated the protective effects of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)\/tristetraprolin (TTP) against brain edema in a rat model of cerebral hemorrhage, bleeding in the brain that occurs in tissues and ventricles. TTP is a well\u2010known mRNA\u2010binding protein and essential regulatory molecule for gene expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cerebral hemorrhage was induced in male albino rats divided into four homogeneous groups: normal control (I), control (II), PP2A siRNA (III), and scrambled siRNA (IV). Neurological scores, caspase\u20103 mRNA and protein expression, PP2A and TTP protein expression, apoptosis, and water content in the brain were determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The neurological score decreased substantially to 8.2 in rats in which cerebral hemorrhage was induced and was further reduced to 7.4 and 7.7 in groups III and IV, respectively. Caspase\u20103 expression increased significantly by 90% in group II and by 26.9% in group III. Apoptosis increased by 26.1% in rats in which cerebral hemorrhage was induced and increased considerably by 35.3% and 33.4% in groups III and IV, respectively. PP2A and TTP protein expression increased significantly by 87% and 59%, as compared to their respective sham controls. However, PP2A and TTP siRNA treatment reduced the protein expression of PP2A and TTP in groups III and IV. The water content in the brain increased significantly by 77.4% in rats in which cerebral hemorrhage was induced (group II), as compared to the sham group. The water content in the brain increased by 84.1% and 78.7% in groups III and IV, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Taken together, these data indicate that TTP has a protective role against brain edema by reducing inflammation, apoptosis, and water content in the brain at 48\u00a0hr after cerebral hemorrhage. Our findings may be useful for developing important approaches to treating brain injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,7]],"date-time":"2019-02-07T05:15:09Z","timestamp":1549516509000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Tristetraprolin attenuates brain edema in a rat model of cerebral hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Peiyu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Affiliated First Hospital of Jiamusi University Jiamusi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Affiliated First Hospital of Jiamusi University Jiamusi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Affiliated First Hospital of Jiamusi University Jiamusi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6100-7124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongwei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2013.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2012.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.02.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e3182587839"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.100281"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"52211","article-title":"Detection and analysis of DNA damage in mouse skeletal muscle in situ using the TUNEL method","volume":"94","author":"Fayzullina S.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments: Jove"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-013-0257-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.011223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000069"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2016.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.21.9.6461-6469.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(00)00289-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0675-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-016-3742-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","volume-title":"Mosby's Paramedic Textbook","author":"Sanders M. 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