{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T19:36:48Z","timestamp":1792265808095,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been evaluated as an effective treatment option for patients with major depressive disorder. However, there are limited studies that have evaluated the efficacy of TMS for other neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety and trauma\u2010related disorders. We reviewed the literature that has evaluated TMS as a treatment for anxiety and trauma\u2010related disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We searched for articles published up to December 2017 in Embase, Medline, and ISI Web of Science databases, following the Preferred Items for Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Articles (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0520) evaluating TMS in anxiety and trauma\u2010related disorders were screened and a small subset of these that met the eligibility criteria (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a017) were included in the systematic review, of which nine evaluated TMS in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), four in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), two in specific phobia (SP), and two in panic disorder (PD). The meta\u2010analysis was performed with PTSD and GAD since PD and SP had an insufficient number of studies and sample sizes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among anxiety and trauma\u2010related disorders, TMS has been most widely studied as a treatment for PTSD. TMS demonstrated large overall treatment effect for both PTSD (ES\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.88, 95% CI: \u22121.42, \u22120.34) and GAD (ES\u00a0=\u00a0\u22122.06, 95% CI: \u22122.64, \u22121.48), including applying high frequency over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Since few studies have evaluated TMS for SP and PD, few conclusions can be drawn.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our meta\u2010analysis suggests that TMS may be an effective treatment for GAD and PTSD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T04:11:21Z","timestamp":1557288681000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":177,"title":["Transcranial magnetic stimulation in anxiety and trauma\u2010related disorders: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Patricia","family":"Cirillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Charlestown Massachusetts"},{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra K.","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Boston University Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment Innovation Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio E.","family":"Nardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana C.","family":"Ornelas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew A.","family":"Nierenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment Innovation Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Camprodon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Charlestown Massachusetts"},{"name":"Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment Innovation Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5845-8327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo","family":"Kinrys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment Innovation Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"Association A. 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