{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:32:52Z","timestamp":1792035172084,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>T1\u2010 and T2\u2010weighted sequences from MRI often provide useful complementary information about tissue properties. Leukoaraiosis results in signal abnormalities on T1\u2010weighted images, which are automatically quantified by FreeSurfer, but this marker is poorly characterized and is rarely used. We evaluated associations between white matter hyperintensity (WM\u2010hyper) volume from FLAIR and white matter hypointensity (WM\u2010hypo) volume from T1\u2010weighted images and compared their associations with age and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) \u03b2\u2010amyloid and tau.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 56 nondemented participants (68\u201394\u00a0years) were recruited and gave informed consent. All participants went through MR imaging on a GE 1.5T scanner and of these 47 underwent lumbar puncture for CSF analysis. WM\u2010hypo was calculated using FreeSurfer analysis of T1 FSPGR 3D, and WM\u2010hyper was calculated with the Lesion Segmentation Toolbox in the SPM software package using T2\u2010FLAIR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>WM\u2010hyper and WM\u2010hypo were strongly correlated (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.81; parameter estimate (p.e.): 1.53\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.15; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001). Age was significantly associated with both WM\u2010hyper (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.31, p.e. 0.078\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.030, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.013) and WM\u2010hypo (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.42, p.e. 0.055\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.015, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). CSF \u03b2\u2010amyloid levels were predicted by WM\u2010hyper (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.33, p.e. \u22120.11\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.044, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.013) and WM\u2010hypo (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.42, p.e. \u22120.24\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.073, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.002). CSF tau levels were not correlated with either WM\u2010hyper (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.9) or WM\u2010hypo (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.99).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Strong correlations between WM\u2010hyper and WM\u2010hypo, and similar associations with age, abnormal \u03b2\u2010amyloid, and tau suggest a general equivalence between these two imaging markers. Our work supports the equivalence of white matter hypointensity volumes derived from FreeSurfer for evaluating leukoaraiosis. This may have particular utility when T2\u2010FLAIR is low in quality or absent, enabling analysis of older imaging data sets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T11:42:39Z","timestamp":1573040559000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["White matter hypointensities and hyperintensities have equivalent correlations with age and CSF \u03b2\u2010amyloid in the nondemented elderly"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7693-473X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Spectroscopy Center Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thao","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Spectroscopy Center Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Spectroscopy Center Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew T.","family":"Borzage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal and Neonatal Institute Division of Neonatology Children's Hospital Los Angeles Department of Pediatrics Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith N.","family":"Braskie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Imaging Genetics Center Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Harrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4449-2468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin S.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Spectroscopy Center Huntington Medical Research Institutes Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.017"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"427","article-title":"Appearance of normal brain maturation on fluid\u2010attenuated inversion\u2010recovery (FLAIR) MR images","volume":"20","author":"Ashikaga R.","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Journal of Neuroradiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.2010.01139.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23894"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.50.1.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a43e45"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e3182299496"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100037264"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079378"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"MRI of normal brain maturation","volume":"7","author":"Holland B. 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