{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T19:17:45Z","timestamp":1789154265911,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]],"date-time":"2013-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      It is well established that aging and vascular processes interact to disrupt cerebral hemodynamics in older adults. However, the independent effects of cerebral perfusion on neurocognitive function among older adults remain poorly understood. We examined the associations among cerebral perfusion, cognitive function, and brain structure in older adults with varying degrees of vascular disease using perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) arterial spin labeling (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      52 older adults underwent neuroimaging and were administered the Mini Mental State Examination (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMSE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBANS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), and measures of attention\/executive function.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and T1\u2010weighted\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      were used to quantify total brain perfusion, total brain volume (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TBV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), and cortical thickness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Regression analyses showed reduced total brain perfusion was associated with poorer performance on the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMSE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBANS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      total index, immediate and delayed memory composites, and Trail Making Test B. Reduced frontal lobe perfusion was associated with worse executive and memory function. A similar pattern emerged between temporal lobe perfusion and immediate memory. Regression analyses revealed that decreased total brain perfusion was associated with smaller\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TBV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and mean cortical thickness. Regional effects of reduced total cerebral perfusion were found on temporal and parietal lobe volumes and frontal and temporal cortical thickness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Reduced cerebral perfusion is independently associated with poorer cognition, smaller\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TBV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , and reduced cortical thickness in older adults.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective studies are needed to clarify patterns of cognitive decline and brain atrophy associated with cerebral hypoperfusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  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