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Although striatal atrophy correlates with some cognitive abilities, few studies of pr<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> have investigated whether cortical gray matter morphometry correlates in a regionally specific manner with functioning in different cognitive domains. This knowledge would inform the selection of cognitive measures for clinical trials that would be most sensitive to the target of a treatment intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, random forest analysis was used to identify neuroanatomical correlates of functioning in five cognitive domains including attention and information processing speed, working memory, verbal learning and memory, negative emotion recognition, and temporal processing. Participants included 325 pr<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> individuals with varying levels of disease progression and 119 gene\u2010negative controls with a family history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>. In intermediate analyses, we identified brain regions that showed significant differences between the pr<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> and the control groups in cortical thickness and striatal volume. Brain morphometry in these regions was then correlated with cognitive functioning in each of the domains in the pr<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> group using random forest methods. We hypothesized that different regional patterns of brain morphometry would be associated with performances in distinct cognitive domains.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that performances in different cognitive domains that are vulnerable to decline in pr<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> were correlated with regionally specific patterns of cortical and striatal morphometry. Putamen and\/or caudate volumes were top\u2010ranked correlates of performance across all cognitive domains, as was cortical thickness in regions related to the processing demands of each domain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results underscore the importance of identifying structural magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sMRI<\/jats:styled-content>) markers of functioning in different cognitive domains, as their relative sensitivity depends on the extent to which processing is called upon by different brain networks. The findings have implications for identifying neuroimaging and cognitive outcome measures for use in clinical trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,14]],"date-time":"2013-11-14T04:00:51Z","timestamp":1384401651000},"page":"29-40","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive functioning in prodromal Huntington disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Deborah L.","family":"Harrington","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of California San Diego California"},{"name":"Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System San Diego California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City 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