{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T22:16:30Z","timestamp":1790374590404,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tinnitus is a common symptom largely impactful on quality of life, especially in the elderly. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of self\u2010administered screening tests to correlate the severity of subjective perception of tinnitus with emotional disorders and the overall cognitive status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients aged\u00a0\u2265\u00a055\u00a0years with chronic tinnitus were recruited and submitted to a complete audiological evaluation; Tinnitus Handicap inventory (THI); Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS\u2010A and HADS\u2010D) and Mini\u2010Mental State Examination (MMSE). Demographic and audiological features of patients with and without cognitive impairment (MMSE score cut\u2010off of 24\/30) were analyzed in order to reveal the relationship among tinnitus, emotional disorders, and cognitive dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      102 patients were recruited (mean age: 70.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.6). THI score was directly related to HADS\u2010A score (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.63) HADS\u2010D score (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.66), whereas there was no relationship between tinnitus severity and MMSE (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.13). CI and n\u2010CI groups did not differ in the characteristics of tinnitus (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05), however, hearing threshold (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.049) and anxious depressive traits measured with HADS\u2010A (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.044) and HADS\u2010D (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.016) were significantly higher in the group with cognitive impairment. Furthermore, age\u00a0\u2265\u00a075\u00a0years (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.002, OR\u00a0=\u00a013.8), female sex (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.032; OR\u00a0=\u00a06.5), severe hearing loss (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.036; OR\u00a0=\u00a02.3), and anxiety (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.029; OR\u00a0=\u00a09.2) resulted risk factors for CI. Therefore, in CI group MMSE score was inversely related to age (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0\u2212.84).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive impairment and psychiatric discomfort should be considered in tinnitus patients, related to increasing age, female sex, and severe hearing loss. Thus, self\u2010administered questionnaires can be useful in addressing clinical approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T03:51:03Z","timestamp":1626839463000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The evaluation of global cognitive and emotional status of older patients with chronic tinnitus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6955-7603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Rita","family":"Fetoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Otolaryngology Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy"},{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Di 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