{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T06:38:45Z","timestamp":1774507125764,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common nonmotor symptom in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), with an incidence ranging from 14% to 54%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study explored changes in cognition and transcranial sonography (TCS) findings in patients with PD and OH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We enrolled PD patients who visited the outpatient or inpatient department from 2017 to 2020. Blood pressure was measured in different positions, and demographic data were collected. Motor and nonmotor symptoms were evaluated using standard scales. A subset of 107 patients underwent TCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We enrolled 66 PD\u2010OH patients and 92 PD\u2010no orthostatic hypotension (NOH) patients. There were no significant differences in gender, age, disease duration, or Hoehn and Yahr stage between groups. Binary logistic regression revealed age as an independent risk factor for OH in PD patients. There were statistically significant group differences in visuospatial and executive function and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) I and II scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). Among PD\u2010OH patients, there was a statistically significant difference in UPDRS II and III scores between patients with or without clinical symptoms (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). The substantia nigra (SN) area was significantly larger in PD\u2010NOH patients (0.45 \u00b1 0.18 cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) than PD\u2010OH patients (0.34 \u00b1 0.16 cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PD\u2010OH patients had poorer visuospatial and executive function and lower UPDRS I and II scores compared with PD\u2010NOH patients. Within the PD\u2010OH group, there was no significant difference in cognition between patients with or without clinical symptoms. The difference in the SN area may indicate different subtypes of PD or a tendency to develop parkinsonism syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T23:46:18Z","timestamp":1626911178000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cognition and transcranial sonography in Parkinson's disease patients with or without orthostatic hypotension"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jia\u2010jing","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying\u2010qi","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8564-0255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng\u2010jie","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6914-6233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Suqian First Hospital  Suqian China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8364-0219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun\u2010feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Suqian First Hospital  Suqian China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25192"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702\u2010010\u20100504\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(08)70239\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166\u20102236(96)01029\u20106"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Transcranial sonography on Parkinson's disease and essential tremor","volume":"18","author":"Chitsaz A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.05.079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000188052.69549.e4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.3.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826c1acd"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.10.1461"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410030207"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26632"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2018.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010012\u20106627\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Postuma R. 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