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The cohort included <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DG<\/jats:styled-content> patients with nicotine and alcohol dependence, alcohol dependence only and 12 \u201cpure\u201d nonsmokers with only <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DG<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Pure<\/jats:italic> nonsmoking, nicotine dependent as well as alcoholic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DG<\/jats:styled-content>s with current nicotine dependence, demonstrated a decision making profile, characterized by poor decision\u2010making abilities and failure to make right choices (rational), closely resembling that of patients with vm<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFC<\/jats:styled-content> damage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This suggests that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DG<\/jats:styled-content>s with and without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content> comorbidity are equally affected in that domain of decision making abilities. Additionally, gambling diagnosis combined with alcohol and nicotine dependence involves a group of gambling patients with a relatively riskier decision making profile, showing that these patients apart from making irrational decisions take also more risks. Our findings highlight the importance of accounting for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content> comorbidities with useful implications for future research and therapy. Limitations of the current investigation are discussed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,16]],"date-time":"2014-04-16T10:12:56Z","timestamp":1397643176000},"page":"484-494","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Decision\u2010making deficits in patients diagnosed with disordered gambling using the Cambridge Gambling task: the effects of substance use disorder comorbidity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Zois","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine Central Institute of Mental Health Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noreen","family":"Kortlang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine Central Institute of Mental Health Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Vollst\u00e4dt\u2010Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine Central Institute of Mental Health Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tagrid","family":"Lemenager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine Central Institute of Mental Health Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Beutel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kraichtal\u2010Kliniken Am M\u00fchlberg 76703 Kraichtal Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine Central Institute of Mental Health Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mira","family":"Fauth\u2010B\u00fchler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine Central Institute of Mental Health Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-6357(03)00150-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1584"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.3.295","article-title":"Emotion, decision making and the orbitofrontal cortex","volume":"10","author":"Bechara A.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(00)00136-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.49.11.1434","article-title":"Clinical features and psychiatric comorbidity of subjects with pathological gambling behavior","volume":"49","author":"Black D. 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