{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T01:07:53Z","timestamp":1784855273462,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]],"date-time":"2021-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) pandemic interfered in the daily lives of people and is assumed to adversely affect mental health. However, the effects on mood (in)stability of bipolar disorder (BD) patients and the comparison to pre\u2010COVID\u201019 symptom severity levels are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between April and September, 2020, symptoms and well\u2010being were assessed in the Bipolar Netherlands Cohort (BINCO) study of recently diagnosed patients with BD I and II. The questionnaire contained questions regarding manic and depressive symptoms (YMRS and ASRM, QIDS), worry (PSWQ), stress (PSS), loneliness, sleep, fear for COVID\u201019, positive coping, and substance use. As manic, depressive and stress symptoms levels were assessed pre\u2010COVID\u201019, their trajectories during the lockdown restrictions were estimated using mixed models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 70 invited BD patients, 36 (51%) responded at least once (mean age of 36.7 years, 54% female, and 31% BD type 1) to the COVID\u201019 assessments. There was a significant increase (X\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =\u00a017.06;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.004) in (hypo)manic symptoms from baseline during the first COVID\u201019 wave, with a decrease thereafter. Fear of COVID\u201019 (X\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =\u00a018.01;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.003) and positive coping (X\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a012.44;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.03) were the highest at the start of the pandemic and decreased thereafter. Other scales including depression and stress symptoms did not vary significantly over time.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found a meaningful increase in manic symptomatology from pre\u2010COVID\u201019 into the initial phases of the pandemic in BD patients. These symptoms decreased along with fear of COVID\u201019 and positive coping during the following months when lockdown measures were eased.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]],"date-time":"2021-09-23T14:36:07Z","timestamp":1632407767000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effects of the COVID\u201019 pandemic in a preexisting longitudinal study of patients with recently diagnosed bipolar disorder: Indications for increases in manic symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5908-258X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manja","family":"Koenders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Centre  Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Psychology Leiden University  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahele","family":"Mesbah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Centre  Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Mood Disorders Mental Health Care PsyQ Kralingen  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annet","family":"Spijker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Centre  Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Parnassia Groep  Den Haag The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvira","family":"Boere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Centre  Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Mood Disorders Mental Health Care PsyQ Kralingen  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"de Leeuw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Centre  Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Mental Health Care Rivierduinen Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Clinic  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bert","family":"van Hemert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Centre  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Giltay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Centre  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010clinpsy\u2010032814\u2010112902"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006\u20103223(96)00548\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2017.1345932"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"2020 A. 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