{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T05:39:05Z","timestamp":1779169145680,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]],"date-time":"2021-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated the clinical epidemiological characteristics of nitrous oxide (N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O) abusers in a hospital in China, which have not been systematically reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The characteristics of patients abusing N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O who were examined and treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2017 to December 2020 were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 61 patients (average age: 21.7 \u00b1 3.2 years; 42 male and 19 female) were enrolled; 60.7% of the patients had an education level of high school or lower, and most (59.0%) had no stable occupation. The mean exposure time was 8.5 \u00b1 7.7 months (range: 1\u201336 months). Only 52.5% of the abusers reported the physician of the relevant exposure history at the first time of visiting the doctor. The main clinical type was mixed (49.2%). The most common clinical manifestation was distal limb numbness (80.3%). The most frequent outcome was peripheral neuropathy (59%) and subacute combined degeneration (36%). Serum homocysteine level was elevated in 67.5% (27\/40) of the patients, while 44.4% (20\/45) showed reduced vitamin B12. Note that 61% (22\/36) showed abnormal signals in the posterior or lateral funiculus of the spinal cord, and 97% (31\/32) of the patients showed peripheral nerve damage by electromyography. In all cases, symptoms were alleviated after halting N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O intake and receiving nutritional neurotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O abuse can lead to nervous system damage, especially peripheral nerve and spinal cord damage. A full understanding of its clinical epidemiological characteristics is helpful for clinicians to make a timely and clear diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,14]],"date-time":"2021-11-14T04:44:56Z","timestamp":1636865096000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Clinical epidemiological characteristics of nitrous oxide abusers: A single\u2010center experience in a hospital in China"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9580-6290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yueyue","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical College Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou 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