{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T14:00:18Z","timestamp":1776175218576,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["327588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["327588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000196","name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intrinsic network connectivity becomes altered in pathophysiology. Noninvasive brain stimulation can modulate pathological functional networks in an attempt to restore the inherent response. To determine its usefulness for visual\u2010related disorders, we developed procedures investigating repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocols targeting the visual cortex on modulating connectivity associated with the visual network and default mode network (DMN).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We compared two low\u2010frequency (1\u00a0Hz) rTMS protocols to the visual cortex (V1)\u2014a single 20\u00a0min session and five successive 20\u00a0min sessions (accelerated\/within\u2010session rTMS)\u2014using multi\u2010echo resting\u2010state functional magnetic resonance whole\u2010brain imaging and resting\u2010state functional connectivity (rsFC). We also explored the relationship between rsFC and rTMS\u2010induced changes in key inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters, \u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate. GABA (GABA+) and glutamate (Glx) concentrations were measured in vivo using magnetic resonance spectroscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute disruption with a single rTMS session caused widespread connectivity reconfiguration with nodes of interest. Changes were not evident immediately post\u2010rTMS but were observed at 1 h post\u2010rTMS. Accelerated sessions resulted in weak alterations in connectivity, producing a relatively homeostatic response. Changes in GABA+ and Glx concentrations with network connectivity were dependent on the rTMS protocol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This proof\u2010of\u2010concept study offers new perspectives to assess stimulation\u2010induced neural processes involved in intrinsic functional connectivity and the potential for rTMS to modulate nodes interconnected with the visual cortex. The differential effects of single\u2010session and accelerated rTMS on physiological markers are crucial for furthering the advancement of treatment modalities in visual cortex related disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T06:00:19Z","timestamp":1642658419000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Modulating intrinsic functional connectivity with visual cortex using low\u2010frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3636-4001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara A.","family":"Rafique","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Centre for Vision Research York University  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7487-4646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer K. E.","family":"Steeves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Centre for Vision Research York University  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2016.0462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2007.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.108464"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2014.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167\u20108760(99)00047\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167\u20108760(00)00145\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2005.1634"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.04.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.02\u201001\u201000032.1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910340409"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702\u2010013\u20101104\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv228"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0344\u201016.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","volume-title":"Vergleichende lokalisationslehre der grosshirnrinde in ihren prinzipien dargestellt auf grund des zellenbaues","author":"Brodmann K.","year":"1909"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"206","volume-title":"Handbook of neurology","author":"Brodmann K.","year":"1910"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00339.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.08.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601417103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050341"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00210"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.13m08977"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1602413113"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.10.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00721.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/3738"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504136102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20113"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221\u2010003\u20101423\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468\u20102982.2005.01013.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2010.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221\u2010010\u20102293\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht353"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968314562649"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbn070"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328306f2c5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0135058100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.071043098"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060159"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1973\u201013.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3875"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682\u2010014\u20109346\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1301725110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.12.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.03.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4004\u201009.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1831638100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118892794.ch6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.6.1210"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06976"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35084005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210000432"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1999.0471"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0700668104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905314106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/neur.9.5.436.16557"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00924.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900728106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4993\u201013.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2014.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1845"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.190314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0445\u201009.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2005.1645"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.132272199"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741\u20102552\/aace89"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.08.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.216978"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg268"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028\u20103932(00)00130\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00067.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2008.06.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548\u2010009\u20100115\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0978"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68132-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20737"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2630\u201015.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102202\u201011\u2010145"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388\u20102457(02)00144\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22300"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010clinpsy\u2010032511\u2010143049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2012.0073"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00338.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2008.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021734"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.2491","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/brb3.2491","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.2491","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T23:39:26Z","timestamp":1692315566000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.2491"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.2491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.2491","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2491\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2491\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2491\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2491\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2491\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2491"}}