{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T06:56:01Z","timestamp":1783061761655,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several investigations were carried out during the pandemic, demonstrating a number of neurological symptoms linked to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The goal of this review is to discuss COVID\u201019 disease's neurological signs and squeals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From December 2019 to May 2020, data were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, as well as a manual search using Google Scholar. COVID\u201019, neurological symptoms, cranial nerves, motor system were among the key phrases utilized in the search.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The intensity of respiratory involvement increases the likelihood of neurological symptoms and consequences. According to some research, it might range from 34% to 80%. The central and peripheral neural systems are both affected, resulting in cranial nerve palsies and limb paralysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID\u201019 neurologic complications are key drivers of patient severity and mortality. Headache, convulsions, mental and psychic disorders, delirium, and insomnia are just some of the symptoms that the virus can cause. The olfactory nerve is the most commonly damaged cranial nerve, resulting in anosmia. Stroke (mostly infarction), encephalitis, meningitis, Guillain\u2013Barre syndrome, relapse of multiple sclerosis, and transverse myelitis are all symptoms and squeals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T23:20:17Z","timestamp":1650928817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["RETRACTED: Neurological manifestations of COVID\u201019: A potential gate to the determinants of a poor prognosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8851-4342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Etedal","family":"Ahmed A. Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Al Neelain University  Khartoum Sudan"},{"name":"The National Center for Neurological Sciences  Khartoum Sudan"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Sudan University of Medical Science  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramah","family":"Isam Farah Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Center for Neurological Sciences  Khartoum Sudan"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine International University of Africa  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4608-5321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khabab","family":"Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Khartoum  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmuntasir","family":"Taha Salah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine National Ribat University  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7131-423X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Eltahier Abdalla Omer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Gadarif University  Gadarif Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mazin","family":"S. Haroun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Khartoum  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.0c00122"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30211-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1712187"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2008597"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-05965-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-323177"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.1127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-09934-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.116889"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-020-00978-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04449-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sardar R. 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Birla S. &Gupta D.(2020).Comparative analyses of SAR\u2010CoV2 genomes from different geographical locations and other coronavirus family genomes reveals unique features potentially consequential to host\u2010virus interaction and pathogenesis.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04658","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.03.21.001586"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5811\/cpcem.2020.5.47937"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.03.031"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"372","article-title":"The pathogenesis and treatment of the \u2018Cytokine Storm\u2019 in COVID\u201019","volume":"45","author":"Ye Q.","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of Infection"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.3194","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"retraction-watch","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691107200000},"record-id":"46725"},{"DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.3194","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691107200000}}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.2587","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/brb3.2587","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.2587","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T19:31:06Z","timestamp":1692214266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.2587"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.2587"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.2587","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2587\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2587\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-11-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2587"}}