{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:54:52Z","timestamp":1791219292275,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771462"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several studies have linked inflammation and oxidative stress with the pathogenesis of depression. Artesunate is a commonly used medication to treat malaria and has been shown to produce antioxidant, anti\u2010inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. However, its prophylactic effects on depression and depression\u2010related brain pathology are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In Experiment 1, using a PC12 cell line, we investigated whether artesunate can prevent hydrogen peroxide (H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      )\u2010induced oxidative injury that mimics oxidative stress commonly observed in the depressed brain. Next, using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)\u2010induced mouse model of depression, we investigated whether artesunate can prevent behavioral deficits observed in the open field test, novelty\u2010suppressed feeding test, sucrose preference test, forced swimming test, and tail suspension procedure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We found that artesunate significantly prevented a H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010induced reduction in PC12 cell activity, suggesting its antioxidant potential. We also found that mice pretreated with artesunate (5, 15\u00a0mg\/kg) intraperitoneally (i.p.) prior to the LPS (.8\u00a0mg\/kg, i.p.) treatment showed fewer and less severe depression\u2010 and anxiety\u2010like behaviors than the LPS\u2010treated control mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings indicate that artesunate produces antioxidant effect, as well as antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. Importantly, our findings first demonstrate that artesunate can prevent LPS\u2010induced depression\u2010 and anxiety\u2010like symptoms, strongly suggesting its prophylactic potential in the treatment of depression and, perhaps, other psychiatric disorders associated with inflammation and oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T08:10:21Z","timestamp":1672128621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Repurposing antimalarial artesunate for the prophylactic treatment of depression: Evidence from preclinical research"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8489-5686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shihao","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Galaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Colgate University  Hamilton New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The No.1 Hospital of Yongnian District Handan City  Handan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Institute of Medical and Health Science of HeBMU Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology Hebei Medicinal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Institute of Medical and Health Science of HeBMU Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology Hebei Medicinal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Institute of Medical and Health Science of HeBMU Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2495-8286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueyong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Institute of Medical and Health Science of HeBMU Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology Hebei Medicinal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keyao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel Hill  North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixiao","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Province People's Hospital The First\u2010affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Institute of Medical and Health Science of HeBMU Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology Hebei Medicinal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haishui","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Institute of Medical and Health Science of HeBMU Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang China"},{"name":"Hebei Key laboratory of Neurophysiology Hebei Medicinal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20589"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_225_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000584"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrb.20163"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916\u2010021\u201002033\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(18)32279\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(05)67176\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.09.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2017.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.03.142"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/pcc.v03n0105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.08.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.08.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2018.3712"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2021.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159x14666151208113700"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974\u2010017\u20100964\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.11.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2018.8666"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.757417"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001805"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","volume-title":"FDA Approves Only Drug in U.S. to Treat Severe Malaria","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2014.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035\u2010015\u20109543\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2045125312445469"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v12.i1.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473\u20103099(16)30020\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306\u20109877(91)90272\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21580"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2015).Guidelines for the treatment of malaria. 3rd ed.World Health Organizationhttps:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/162441"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrb.20092"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.09.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986712803251575"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ewjm.173.5.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24112035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2017.05.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19540\/j.cnki.cjcmm.20180524.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3967\/bes2014.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1489050"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.2833","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/brb3.2833","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.2833","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T05:18:56Z","timestamp":1692335936000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.2833"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.2833"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.2833","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v2\/review3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v1\/review3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.2833\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-07-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2833"}}