{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T18:22:39Z","timestamp":1781288559665,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    : To characterize the cognitive profile following COVID\u201019 infection and its possible association to clinical symptoms, emotional disturbance, biomarkers, and disease severity.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    : This was a single\u2010center cross\u2010sectional cohort study. Subjects between 20\u2010 and 60\u2010year old with confirmed COVID\u201019 infection were included. Evaluation was performed between April 2020 and July 2021. Patients with previous cognitive impairment and other neurological or severe psychiatric disorders were excluded. Demographic and laboratory data were extracted from the medical records.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Altogether 200 patients were included, 85 subjects were female (42.3%), and mean age was 49.12 years (SD: 7.84). Patients were classified into four groups: nonhospitalized (NH,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a021), hospitalized without intensive care unit (ICU) nor oxygen therapy (HOSP,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a042), hospitalized without ICU but with oxygen therapy (OXY,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0107), and ICU (ICU,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a031) patients. NH group was younger (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.026). No significant differences were found in any test performed attending severity of illness (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05). A total of 55 patients reported subjective cognitive complaints (SCC). Subjects with neurological symptoms (NS) performed worse in trail making test B (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.013), digits backwards (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.006), letter&amp;numbers (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.002), symbol digit modalities test (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.016), and Stroop color (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.010) tests.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                    : OXY patients and females referred more SCC associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Objective cognitive performance was unrelated to SCC. No cognitive impairment was found regarding the severity of COVID\u201019 infection. Results suggest that NS such as headache, anosmia, and dysgeusia during infection were a risk factor for later cognitive deficits. Tests assessing attention, processing speed, and executive function were the most sensitive in detecting cognitive changes in these patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T22:39:47Z","timestamp":1677019187000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Impact of COVID\u201019 infection on cognition and its association with neurological symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7445-6113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Almeria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Department Autonomous University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Hospital Universitari M\u00fatuaTerrassa  Terrassa Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Cejudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Unit, Hospital Sagrat Cor Hermanas Hospitalarias, Martorell  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Sanz\u2010Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumology Hospital Universitari M\u00fatuaTerrassa  Terrassa Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Deus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Health Department, Psychology Faculty Autonomous University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"MRI Research Unit, Hospital del Mar  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerzy","family":"Krupinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Department Autonomous University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Healthcare sciences Manchester Metropolitan University, CBS  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246590"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2020.100163"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurop.2021.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.685180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.1029842"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp\u20102020\u2010325173"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.30645"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"TAVEC. 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