{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T01:42:51Z","timestamp":1783042971816,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011476","name":"Southwest Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SWH2019HLQN\u201006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SWH2019HLQN\u201006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011476","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82030036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82030036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>As a complex and acute brain dysfunction, if postoperative delirium (POD) occurs in the postoperative period, it will lead to a prolonged length of stay in the critical care unit, with increased hospitalization costs and higher mortality. A few case reports inspired us to pay close attention to pituitary tumor\u2010associated delirium. We hypothesized that the changes in hormone levels after pituitary tumor resection might be associated with POD occurrence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective analysis was performed on data from a single\u2010center cohort study conducted at Southwest Hospital between January 2018 and May 2022. A total of 360 patients with pituitary tumors who underwent endoscope\u2010assisted transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection were divided into two groups at a 1:3 ratio, with 36 patients in the POD group and 108 patients in the non\u2010POD group matched by propensity score, age, sex, and tumor size. Basic characteristics, pituitary adenoma features, endocrine levels and other biochemical indicators, and Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM\u2010ICU) for postoperative delirium were documented for further analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lower insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20101 (IGF\u20101, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.024) and corticotropin\u2010releasing hormone (CRH, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.005) levels were closely associated with postoperative delirium and with high levels of blood glucose (GLU, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.023) after surgery. Subsequent analysis indicated that serum potassium (OR: 0.311, 95% CI 0.103\u20130.935), sodium (OR: 0.991, 95% CI 0.983\u20131.000), CRH (OR: 0.964, 95% CI 0.936\u20130.994), and GLU (OR: 1.654, 95% CI 1.137\u20132.406) levels in the perioperative period were independent risk factors for delirium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study indicated that lower serum CRH, potassium, sodium, and GLU levels may be associated with the occurrence of POD after endoscopic\u2010assisted transsphenoidal surgery. These data provide preliminary evidence for the management of POD in pituitary adenoma patients after surgery. Further studies are needed to identify pharmacological and nonpharmacological multicomponent treatment strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.3041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T00:33:52Z","timestamp":1683160432000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Identifying hormones and other perioperative risk factors for postoperative delirium after endoscope\u2010assisted transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection: A retrospective, matched cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyu","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunyan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"School of Nursing Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang Guizhou Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jishu","family":"Xian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9905-9138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binbin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v10.i9.212"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1423"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2016.13.3.327"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910\u2010021\u201001105\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.3423"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003299"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582\u2010022\u201000698\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.2273"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749\u20104486.2011.02331.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.42221"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11407"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(16)30053\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110496"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.822984"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(21)00136\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5137\/1019\u20105149.JTN.33484\u201020.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ajns.AJNS_386_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000023157"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13873"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12050760"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE\u201014\u20100941"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005774"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2018.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16565"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","first-page":"2515","article-title":"'A terrible dream'\u2014Case of idiopathic pituitary insufficiency presenting as prolonged delirium in a rural hospital","volume":"13","author":"McAulay\u2010Powell C. D.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19699"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134\u2010022\u201006660\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054\u2010020\u20102800\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa244"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2020.1738388"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.03.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42000\u2010022\u201000362\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005159"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15607"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028\u2010020\u201000938\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2012.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010017\u20102980\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2008.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000512984"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976\u20103147.102615"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.3041","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T05:15:51Z","timestamp":1692335751000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.3041"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.3041"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.3041","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e3041"}}