{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T15:57:13Z","timestamp":1788191833298,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following approval in 2009 of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS Therapy) for drug\u2010resistant epilepsy (DRE) in the Russian Federation, this is the first multicenter study across Russia to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adjunctive VNS Therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The retrospective, observational registry included 58\u00a0pediatric patients with DRE (5\u201317\u00a0years old at implantation) who had \u22652\u00a0years of VNS. To ensure a robust evaluation process, changes in seizure frequency were evaluated for all seizure types as well as \u201cmost disabling\u201d seizures (defined as seizures accompanied by falls, physical trauma, and\/or incontinence in the absence of preventative measures).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>With 2\u00a0years of VNS Therapy, 37 of 49 patients (76%) experiencing the most disabling epileptic seizures had a &gt;50% decrease in frequency of such seizures, and 16 (33%) reported no longer experiencing the \u201cmost disabling\u201d seizure type. In addition, based on the McHugh Outcome scale, VNS Therapy had a positive outcome on both frequency and severity of all epileptic seizure types, with a &gt;50% decrease in frequency of all epileptic seizure types noted in 37 of 58 patients (64%), and 31% of patients had a Class I outcome, including 11\u00a0patients (19%) who achieved seizure freedom. VNS Therapy also had a positive effect on the frequency of status epilepticus: 13\u00a0patients (22%) had status epilepticus prior to implantation with a mean rate of 9.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a017.7 events per year (range, 0\u201352), and after VNS Therapy, only one patient continued to experience status epilepticus (at 1 event per 4\u20136\u00a0months). VNS Therapy had an acceptable safety profile and no adverse events leading to VNS discontinuation were reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results demonstrate that VNS Therapy is being safely and effectively applied to pediatric patients in the Russian healthcare system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.3076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T06:22:22Z","timestamp":1685514142000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Efficacy and safety following two or more years of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS Therapy) in pediatric patients with drug\u2010resistant epilepsy enrolled in a Russian VNS Registry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9599-5770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna A.","family":"Feygina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs International, Neuromodulation LivaNova PLC  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yana N.","family":"Koshelyaevskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Regional United System of Medical Informatization, LLC  Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3578-3987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxine","family":"Dibu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs International, Neuromodulation LivaNova PLC  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kira V.","family":"Voronkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Additional Professional Education Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University  Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikhail N.","family":"Klochkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology  Saint Petersburg Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadezhda Y.","family":"Koroleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head of Center for Epileptology, Neurology, and Video\u2010EEG monitoring, Bekhtereva Institute of the Human Brain Russian Academy of Sciences  Saint Petersburg Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanislav S.","family":"Ivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department Republican Children's Clinical Hospital  Republic of Bashkortostan Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina S.","family":"Bolshakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Voyno\u2010Yasenetskiy Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Medical Care for Children  Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elza F.","family":"Fatykhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department Republican Clinical Hospital  Kazan Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"34","article-title":"Modern treatment options for drug\u2010resistant epilepsy in children","volume":"6","author":"Aivazyan S. 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