{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T18:20:38Z","timestamp":1793384438353,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]],"date-time":"2015-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mantra (prolonged repetitive verbal utterance) is one of the most universal mental practices in human culture. However, the underlying neuronal mechanisms that may explain its powerful emotional and cognitive impact are unknown. In order to try to isolate the effect of silent repetitive speech, which is used in most commonly practiced Mantra meditative practices, on brain activity, we studied the neuronal correlates of simple repetitive speech in nonmeditators \u2013 that is, silent repetitive speech devoid of the wider context and spiritual orientations of commonly practiced meditation practices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We compared, using blood oxygenated level\u2010dependent (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLD<\/jats:styled-content>) functional magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fMRI<\/jats:styled-content>), a simple task of covertly repeating a single word to resting state activity, in 23 subjects, none of which practiced meditation before.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrate that the repetitive speech was sufficient to induce a widespread reduction in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLD<\/jats:styled-content> signal compared to resting baseline. The reduction was centered mainly on the default mode network, associated with intrinsic, self\u2010related processes. Importantly, contrary to most cognitive tasks, where cortical\u2010reduced activation in one set of networks is typically complemented by positive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLD<\/jats:styled-content> activity of similar magnitude in other cortical networks, the repetitive speech practice resulted in unidirectional negative activity without significant concomitant positive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLD<\/jats:styled-content>. A subsequent behavioral study showed a significant reduction in intrinsic thought processes during the repetitive speech condition compared to rest.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results are compatible with a global gating model that can exert a widespread induction of negative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLD<\/jats:styled-content> in the absence of a corresponding positive activation. The triggering of a global inhibition by the minimally demanding repetitive speech may account for the long\u2010established psychological calming effect associated with commonly practiced Mantra\u2010related meditative practices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,5]],"date-time":"2015-05-05T01:45:51Z","timestamp":1430790351000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Repetitive speech elicits widespread deactivation in the human cortex: the \u201c<scp>M<\/scp>antra\u201d effect?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Aviva","family":"Berkovich\u2010Ohana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology Weizmann Institute of Science 234 Herzl St. Rehovot 76100 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meytal","family":"Wilf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology Weizmann Institute of Science 234 Herzl St. Rehovot 76100 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roni","family":"Kahana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology Weizmann Institute of Science 234 Herzl St. Rehovot 76100 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amos","family":"Arieli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology Weizmann Institute of Science 234 Herzl St. Rehovot 76100 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Malach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology Weizmann Institute of Science 234 Herzl St. Rehovot 76100 Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-198405000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0321"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"1910","volume-title":"Handbook of integrative clinical psychology, psychiatry, and behavioral medicine: perspectives, practices, and research","author":"Braboszcz C.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"The year in cognitive neuroscience 2008. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","author":"Buckner R. L.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.132.2.180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900234106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn894"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/02.04.22.PMS.111.4.291-306"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/88.6.755"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2009.0309"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2009.0706"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-198205000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00132"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","volume-title":"The deeper dimension of yoga: theory and practice","author":"Feuerstein G.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504136102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","volume-title":"The meditative mind\u2013the varieties of meditative experience","author":"Goleman D.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhk030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2013.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.071043098"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1192439"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200005150-00042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1131295"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892903321593117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3699.971"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Confidence intervals from normalized data: a correction to Cousineau (2005)","volume":"9","author":"Morey R. D.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Reason"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4135-11.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.08.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science. 1134405"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.02.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.98.2.676"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22268"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.132.6.946"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930600911531"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014855"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.03.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.explore.2013.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2011.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","volume-title":"Co\u2010planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain. 3\u2010Dimensional proportional system: an approach to cerebral imaging","author":"Talairach J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00346"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-009-0343-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.90355.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00086"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbrb3.346","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.346","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/brb3.346","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.346","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T05:55:59Z","timestamp":1696571759000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.346"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.346"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.346","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]]},"article-number":"e00346"}}