{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T10:22:37Z","timestamp":1781259757124,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive impairment (CI) is common in both end\u2010stage kidney disease (ESKD) and alcohol\u2010related liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and patterns of CI in patients awaiting kidney and liver transplantation, and to identify its determinants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross\u2010sectional, prospective study, 31 consecutive patients with ESKD and 31 consecutive patients with alcohol\u2010related liver cirrhosis, all currently on transplant waiting lists, were screened for cognitive decline using the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination. Medical history, demographics, and laboratory test results were also collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of CI among patients with ESKD and alcohol\u2010related liver cirrhosis was 26% and 90%, respectively. In both groups, memory was the most affected cognitive domain, along with verbal fluency in patients with ESKD, and visuospatial abilities in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. The most statistically significant increase in the prevalence of CI was found in patients with lower educational attainment, in both alcohol\u2010related liver cirrhosis and ESKD populations as well as in older patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Furthermore, better cognitive functioning in ESKD patients was associated with higher levels of total lymphocyte count and alanine transaminase (ALT), and in alcohol\u2010related liver cirrhosis patients with higher levels of ALT and aspartate transaminase. A nonsignificant trend toward lower memory domain scores was also observed with increasing ammonia levels and increasing severity of liver disease (higher Child\u2013Pugh scores). Finally, suboptimal performance on the screening test was correlated with the severity of liver disease as assessed by the Model for End\u2010Stage Liver Disease Sodium (MELD\u2010Na), but not at the statistically significant level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of CI, especially in patients with alcohol\u2010related liver cirrhosis, is high and can be a significant clinical problem, negatively affecting the transplantation process. Routine screening tests in this group would contribute to the implementation of appropriate management, such as rehabilitation program or psychosocial treatments and facilitate the provision of specialized health care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.3647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T00:24:12Z","timestamp":1723508652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cognitive impairment in patients awaiting kidney and liver transplantation\u2014A clinically relevant problem?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7720-5253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Golenia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1984-1566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Olejnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Grusiecka\u2010Sta\u0144czyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"\u017bo\u0142ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research Polish Academy of Sciences  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Wojtaszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"\u017bebrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Raszeja\u2010Wyszomirska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolanta","family":"Ma\u0142yszko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","first-page":"122","article-title":"The role of liver disease in alcohol\u2010induced cognitive defects","volume":"19","author":"Butterworth R. 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