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High\u2010resolution magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR MRI<\/jats:styled-content>) has been used in patients with extracranial carotid atherosclerosis as an in\u00a0vivo tool to identify, with high\u2010interrater agreement, histologically defined plaque components (i.e., intraplaque hemorrhage, fibrous cap, and lipid core), which have been shown to be predictors of recurrent stroke. With careful imaging the components of\u00a0atherosclerotic plaque can be visualized in the intracranial arteries using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>, but there are no reports of reproducibility or interrater reliability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods\/Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Characterization of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis using high\u2010resolution <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIASM<\/jats:styled-content>) study is a single\u2010center <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010funded prospective observational study, to (1) demonstrate high \u2010interrater agreement for identifying intracranial plaque components on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR MRI<\/jats:styled-content>, (2) determine the frequency of these components in symptomatic versus asymptomatic plaques, and (3) estimate the 1\u2010year rate of stroke in the territory of high\u2010risk plaque components. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHIASM<\/jats:styled-content> will recruit 90 patients with 50\u201399% intracranial atherosclerosis to undergo <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRMRI<\/jats:styled-content> of the intracranial artery plaque at enrollment and 1\u2010year follow\u2010up. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects will be recruited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Determination of good interrater reliability is an important first step in the development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR MRI<\/jats:styled-content> as a tool to predict risk in patients with intracranial atherosclerosis. This study will inform the design of future multicenter studies to determine the prevalence and prognosis of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque components. Such studies could lead to new understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral ischemia in patients with atherosclerotic intracranial stenosis, improvements in risk stratification, and potentially to new treatments of this common and serious disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,25]],"date-time":"2015-09-25T06:31:27Z","timestamp":1443162687000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Characterization of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis using high\u2010resolution <scp>MRI<\/scp> study \u2013 rationale and design"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Tanya N.","family":"Turan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"LeMatty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renee","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc I.","family":"Chimowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zoran","family":"Rumboldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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