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Commonly used binary measures of trauma exposure have substantial limitations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFA<\/jats:styled-content>), separately by sex, using data from the Childhood Trauma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>) Study's sample of twins and siblings (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02594) to derive three first\u2010order factors (childhood physical abuse, childhood sexual abuse, and parental partner abuse) and, as hypothesized, one higher order, childhood trauma factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTF<\/jats:styled-content>) representing a measure of their common variance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFA<\/jats:styled-content> produced a good\u2010fitting model in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> Study; we replicated the model in the Comorbidity and Trauma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAT<\/jats:styled-content>) Study's sample (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01981) of opioid\u2010dependent cases and controls. In both samples, first\u2010order factors are moderately correlated (indicating they measure largely unique, but related constructs) and their loadings on the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTF<\/jats:styled-content> suggest it provides a reasonable measure of their common variance. We examined the association of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTF<\/jats:styled-content> score with risk for psychiatric and substance use disorders in these samples and the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OZ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALC GWAS<\/jats:styled-content> sample (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01538) in which <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> Study factor loadings were applied. We found that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTF<\/jats:styled-content> scores are strongly associated with liability for psychiatric and substance use disorders in all three samples; estimates of risk are extremely consistent across samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTF<\/jats:styled-content> is a continuous, robust measure that captures the common variance across forms of childhood trauma and provides a means to estimate shared liability while avoiding multicollinearity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]],"date-time":"2016-01-21T05:28:42Z","timestamp":1453354122000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The variance shared across forms of childhood trauma is strongly associated with liability for psychiatric and substance use disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Sean","family":"Kristjansson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alcoholism Research Center Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri 63110"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivia V.","family":"McCutcheon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alcoholism Research Center Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri 63110"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arpana","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alcoholism Research Center Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri 63110"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Lynskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience King's College London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Conroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Research University of Western Sydney Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dixie J.","family":"Statham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela A. 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