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The predictive value of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WM<\/jats:styled-content> integrity in heroin addicts during methadone maintenance treatment (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMT<\/jats:styled-content>) for future relapse is unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010eight <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMT<\/jats:styled-content> patients were given baseline diffusion tensor imaging scans and divided into heroin relapsers (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>, 25 cases) and abstainers (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>, 23 cases) according to the results of 6\u2010month follow\u2010up. Intergroup comparisons were performed for fractional anisotropy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FA<\/jats:styled-content>), radial diffusivity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content>), and axial diffusivity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>). The correlation between diffusion tensor imaging indices and the degree of heroin relapse was analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content> group, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> group had reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FA<\/jats:styled-content> in the right retrolenticular part, left anterior and posterior limb of internal capsule, bilateral anterior corona radiata, and right external capsule. Three out of the six regions showed increased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RD<\/jats:styled-content>, with no changes in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FA<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> values in the left posterior limb of internal capsule correlated negatively with the heroin\u2010positive urinalysis rate within follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WM<\/jats:styled-content> integrity in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMT<\/jats:styled-content> patients may add to neurobiological factors associated with relapse to heroin use. Strategies for improving <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WM<\/jats:styled-content> integrity provide a new perspective to prevent future relapse to heroin abuse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]],"date-time":"2016-01-25T04:12:51Z","timestamp":1453695171000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Brain white matter integrity in heroin addicts during methadone maintenance treatment is related to relapse propensity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jierong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongbin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejiao","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yarong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2000.9519510.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa6703_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Assessing white matter integrity as a function of abstinence duration in former cocaine\u2010dependent individuals","volume":"114","author":"Bell R. 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