{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T08:04:39Z","timestamp":1753862679140,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,27]],"date-time":"2016-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ultrasound investigation of carotid and vertebral arteries is routinely performed in stroke patients to determine the etiopathogenetic classification and possible need of revascularization. However, the medium and long\u2010term prognostic implications of carotid and vertebral ultrasound in ischemic stroke patients are not yet known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study included 309 ischemic stroke patients (mean age 76.3; 160 men). They all had undergone carotid and vertebral ultrasound (carotid stenoses were measured according to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">European Carotid Surgery Trial [ECST]<\/jats:styled-content> method). After a median interval of 9.4\u00a0months, a telephone follow\u2010up was performed to determine their outcome. Dependency or death (modified Rankin scale\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRS<\/jats:styled-content> &gt;2) and all cause mortality were the study end\u2010points.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At follow\u2010up, 158 patients had a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRS<\/jats:styled-content> &gt;2. In multivariate analysis, of 13 variables univariately predictive of dependency or death, only National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIHSS<\/jats:styled-content>) score (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and ipsi\u2010 or contralateral carotid stenosis \u226560% (O.R. 3.5, 95% C.I. 1.5\u20138.6, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006) remained associated with a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRS<\/jats:styled-content> &gt;2. Sixty\u2010nine patients had died. In a Cox proportional hazards regression, of 10 variables univariately predictive of mortality, only <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIHSS<\/jats:styled-content> score (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003), total anterior circulation syndrome (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.004), vertebral Doppler abnormalities (O.R. 2.2, 95% C.I. 1.3\u20133.6, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006), male sex (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02), and hypercholesterolemia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04, inverse relationship) remained associated with mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In stroke patients, carotid stenoses \u226560%, ipsi\u2010 or contralateral to cerebral lesions, were associated with an increased medium and long\u2010term probability of dependency or death, and abnormalities of vertebrobasilar flow were a significant indicator of death risk, independent of stroke severity and age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,28]],"date-time":"2016-04-28T01:27:03Z","timestamp":1461806823000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prognostic significance of carotid and vertebral ultrasound in ischemic stroke patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Muscari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit \u2013 Medical Department of Continuity of Care and Disability S.Orsola\u2010Malpighi Hospital University of Bologna Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences S.Orsola\u2010Malpighi Hospital University of Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Bonfiglioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit \u2013 Medical Department of Continuity of Care and Disability S.Orsola\u2010Malpighi Hospital University of Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donatella","family":"Magalotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit \u2013 Medical Department of Continuity of Care and Disability S.Orsola\u2010Malpighi Hospital University of Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni M.","family":"Puddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit \u2013 Medical Department of Continuity of Care and Disability S.Orsola\u2010Malpighi Hospital University of Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Zorzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences S.Orsola\u2010Malpighi Hospital University of Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Zoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit \u2013 Medical Department of Continuity of Care and Disability S.Orsola\u2010Malpighi Hospital University of Bologna Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences S.Orsola\u2010Malpighi Hospital University of Bologna Bologna 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