{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:29:12Z","timestamp":1792020552942,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,22]],"date-time":"2016-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25460092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25460092"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24390040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24390040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15H04664"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15H04664"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Clinically used antidepressants suffer from various side effects. Therefore, we searched for a safe antidepressant with minimal side effects among food ingredients that are distributed to the brain. Here, we focused on ERGO<\/jats:styled-content> (ergothioneine), which is a hydrophilic antioxidant and contained at high levels in edible golden oyster mushrooms. ERGO<\/jats:styled-content> is a typical substrate of carnitine\/organic cation transporter OCTN<\/jats:styled-content>1\/SLC<\/jats:styled-content>22A4, which is expressed in the brain and neuronal stem cells, although little is known about its permeation through the BBB<\/jats:styled-content> (blood\u2013brain barrier) or its neurological activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>To clarify the exposure of ERGO<\/jats:styled-content> to brain and the possible antidepressant\u2010like effect after oral ingestion, ERGO<\/jats:styled-content> or GOME<\/jats:styled-content> (golden oyster mushroom extract) which contains 1.2% (w\/w) ERGO<\/jats:styled-content> was mixed with feed and provided to mice for 2\u00a0weeks, and then ERGO<\/jats:styled-content> concentration and antidepressant\u2010like effect were evaluated by LC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010MS<\/jats:styled-content>\/MS<\/jats:styled-content> and FST<\/jats:styled-content> (forced swimming test) or TST<\/jats:styled-content> (tail suspension test), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Diet containing ERGO<\/jats:styled-content> or GOME<\/jats:styled-content> greatly increased the ERGO<\/jats:styled-content> concentrations in plasma and brain, and significantly decreased the immobility time in both FST<\/jats:styled-content> and TST<\/jats:styled-content>. The required amount of GOME<\/jats:styled-content> (~37\u00a0mg\/day) to show the antidepressant\u2010like effect corresponds to at most 8\u00a0g\/day in humans. In mice receiving GOME<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010containing diet, doublecortin\u2010positive cells showed a significant increase from the basal level, suggesting promotion of neuronal differentiation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Thus, orally ingested ERGO<\/jats:styled-content> is transported across the BBB<\/jats:styled-content> into the brain, where it may promote neuronal differentiation and alleviate symptoms of depression at plausibly achieved level of daily ingestion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,22]],"date-time":"2016-04-22T22:23:16Z","timestamp":1461363796000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Food\u2010derived hydrophilic antioxidant ergothioneine is distributed to the brain and exerts antidepressant effect in mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Noritaka","family":"Nakamichi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920\u20101192 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keigo","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920\u20101192 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Ishimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920\u20101192 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Masuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920\u20101192 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiko","family":"Wakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920\u20101192 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotaka","family":"Sekiguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Science Institute Co. 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