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However, it is unknown whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TI<\/jats:styled-content> is associated with a distinct actual stress response, i.e., objective immobility measured by a stabilometric platform. This study made a first step in exploring this as well as differences in body sway responses between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> patients and healthy controls. We hypothesized that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> would be related to increased body sway under stress, whereas <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TI<\/jats:styled-content> would be related to decreased body sway under stress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eye closure was selected as a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010relevant stress induction procedure. Body sway and heart rate (HR) were measured in 12 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> patients and 12 healthy controls in four conditions: (1) maintaining a stable stance with eyes open, (2) with eyes closed, (3) during a mental arithmetic task with eyes open, and (4) with eyes closed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>As predicted, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> patients showed increased body sway from eyes open to eyes closed compared to controls and this effect was eliminated by executing the arithmetic task. Most importantly, retrospective self\u2010reported <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TI<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with lower body sway increases in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> and higher body sway decreases in controls from eyes\u2010open to eyes\u2010closed conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These preliminary findings suggest that eye closure has a different effect on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> patients than controls and that high self\u2010reported <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TI<\/jats:styled-content> might indicate a distinct stress response pattern, i.e., a proneness for immobility. It may be relevant to take such individual differences in stress\u2010response into account in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,24]],"date-time":"2016-09-24T04:16:18Z","timestamp":1474690578000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Tonic immobility differentiates stress responses in <scp>PTSD<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Iro","family":"Fragkaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioural Science Institute Radboud University Nijmegen  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Stins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Movement Sciences Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam VU University Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Roelofs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioural Science Institute and Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior Radboud University Nijmegen  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6630-657X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruud A.","family":"Jongedijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation Centrum '45, Arq Psychotrauma Expert Group  Oegstgeest The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muriel A.","family":"Hagenaars","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2009.00940.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01514"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2007.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2005.00287.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"187","article-title":"A clinician rating scale for assessing current and lifetime PTSD: The CAPS\u20101","volume":"13","author":"Blake D. 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