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In men, the distribution to anticoagulants (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>) (warfarin treatment) was 18%, antiplatelet therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APT<\/jats:styled-content>) usually <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASA<\/jats:styled-content> 75\u00a0mg\/day 54%, untreated 27%, unknown 2%. In women, the distribution to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> was 15%, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APT<\/jats:styled-content> 60%, untreated 23%, unknown 2%, respectively. Mortality rates at 1\u00a0year, 10\u00a0years, and 25\u00a0years for men were 21%, 67%, and 93%, respectively, versus the rates in women of 24%, 71%, and 90%, respectively. Survival curves showed markedly increased risk of death compared to the normal population. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> treatment was more favorable for men regarding the annual risk of stroke, compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APT<\/jats:styled-content> (9.4% vs. 9.8%), as well as the risks of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MI<\/jats:styled-content>, (5.6% vs. 6.7%), and death (8.1% vs. 10.3%), compared to women for stroke (11.6% vs. 8.8%) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MI<\/jats:styled-content> (5.3% vs. 3.7%) but not for death (8.3% vs. 8.4%). The risk of fatal bleeding was 0.86% annually on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> compared to 0.17% on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APT<\/jats:styled-content>. According to Cox regression analysis included patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\/ischemic stroke, first\u2010line treatment had beneficial effects on survival: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC OR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.67 (0.5\u20130.9), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APT<\/jats:styled-content> 0.67 (0.52\u20130.88) versus untreated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with a history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\/stroke had a higher mortality rate versus controls, providing support for both primary and secondary prophylaxis regarding vascular risk factors for death. This study also provided support for secondary prophylactic treatment with either <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASA<\/jats:styled-content> (75\u00a0mg once daily) to reduce the vascular risk of death unless there are contraindications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,29]],"date-time":"2016-11-29T01:42:45Z","timestamp":1480383765000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Secondary prophylactic treatment and long\u2010term prognosis after <scp>TIA<\/scp> and different subtypes of stroke. 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