{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:51:42Z","timestamp":1791996702289,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82374559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82374559"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study aims to identify the characteristic changes of prefrontal and motor areas during a tai chi chuan task in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and major depressive disorder (MDD) using wearable functional near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three parallel groups (T2DM with DD group, T2DM group, and healthy group) were recruited from December 10, 2022, to May 31, 2023. Participants in three groups conducted a motor task of tai chi chuan designed by Eprime 3.0, and fNIRS was used to monitor the brain activation, functional connectivity (FC), and lateralization of prefrontal and motor areas. Correlation analyses were performed to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and the function of prefrontal and motor areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety elder adults (aged \u2265 60), including 30 patients with T2DM and MDD, 30 patients with T2DM, and 30 healthy subjects, were enrolled. In contrast with the patients with T2DM and healthy subjects, the patients with T2DM and MDD had decreased activation and abnormal lateralization in prefrontal and motor areas and decreased FC among supplementary motor area, motor area, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Furthermore, the oxyhemoglobin (HbO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) concentration value of DLPFC in patients with T2DM and MDD was negatively associated with scores of Hamilton Depression Scale\u201024 (HAMD\u201024).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with T2DM and MDD had characteristic functional changes in prefrontal and motor areas. DLPFC may be a potential target of diagnosis and intervention for patients with T2DM and MDD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T17:48:26Z","timestamp":1728409706000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Characteristic Changes of Prefrontal and Motor Areas in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Major Depressive Disorder During a Motor Task of Tai Chi Chuan: A Functional Near\u2010Infrared Spectroscopy Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2818-2980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department for Neural Function Detection and Regulation West China Xiamen 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