{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T10:35:22Z","timestamp":1774607722876,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022JJ70149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ70149"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational studies have suggested that obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (OCD) may be associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether OCD is a causal risk factor for AD remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the causal effect of OCD on AD risk by performing a two\u2010sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Genome\u2010wide association summary statistics were obtained for OCD, comprising 2688 cases and 7037 controls, as well as for AD, including 21,982 cases and 41,944 controls from Kunkle et\u00a0al.\u2019s study, and 39,918 cases and 358,140 controls from Wightman et\u00a0al.\u2019s study. On the basis of two diverse thresholds, OCD\u2010associated genetic variants were screened as instrumental variables (IVs) for subsequent MR analyses. Inverse variance weighed was the primary MR method. MR\u2010Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode were used as supplementary MR methods. Various sensitivity tests assessed the reliability of MR results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      On the basis of strict IV selecting thresholds, inverse\u2010variance weighted (IVW) identified significant causal associations between genetic liability to OCD and increased risk of AD in two different sources ((i) Kunkle et\u00a0al.: odds ratio [OR]\u00a0=\u00a01.070, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.015\u20131.127,\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.012; (ii) Wightman et\u00a0al. 0.012; (iii) Wightman et\u00a0al.: OR\u00a0=\u00a01.051, 95% CI: 1.014\u20131.090,\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.007). Three other supplementary MR methods yielded similar results to IVWs (OR\u00a0&gt;\u00a01). Furthermore, all results were replicated in MR analyses based on lenient IV selecting thresholds. The sensitivity tests indicated that MR results were stable and not affected by significant horizontal pleiotropy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This comprehensive MR study suggests that genetic liability to OCD is a causal risk factor for AD. Early intervention in patients with OCD may be beneficial in preventing future AD progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T03:47:33Z","timestamp":1727668053000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mendelian Randomization Study Supports Genetic Liability to Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Disorder Associated With the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Si","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center Albert Einstein College of Medicine  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9898-4893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University\/Hunan Cancer Hospital  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5242-3206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nayiyuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University\/Hunan Cancer Hospital  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3842-1815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youjie","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minghua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz280"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych\u20102023\u2010101080"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398\u2010024\u201002822\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/jad\u2010201583"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1346"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398\u2010020\u20100793\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21758"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583\u2010019\u20100132\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.20m13644"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195\u2010017\u20100297\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024\u2010019\u20100333\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ndt.S441128"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.12.010"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","first-page":"896","article-title":"Obsessive\u2010Compulsive Disorder: Diagnosis and Management","volume":"92","author":"Fenske J. N.","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.154"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588\u2010019\u20100358\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.937486"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2023.1129036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010011\u20100480\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588\u2010022\u201001016\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13546805.2021.1996342"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586\u2010021\u201000092\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.02.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588\u2010018\u20100152\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(20)32205\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ede.0000000000000699"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyw088"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2013.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588\u2010021\u201000921\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych\u20102023\u2010101208"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18869\/nirp.bcn.8.4.307"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.09.069"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.70081","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T15:16:57Z","timestamp":1730128617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.70081"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.70081"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.70081","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70081\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70081\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70081\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70081\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70081\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70081"}}