{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:35:28Z","timestamp":1787067328422,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004621","name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["401000521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["401000521"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Essential tremor (ET) is a prevalent movement disorder, yet current therapeutic options remain limited. Emerging evidence implicates leucine\u2010rich repeat and immunoglobulin\u2010like domain\u2010containing protein (Lingo\u20101) and neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of ET. This study aimed to investigate whether agmatine, a biogenic amine neuromodulator attenuates tremors and modulates the expression of Lingo\u20101 and proinflammatory markers in a rodent model of ET.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tremor was induced in male Swiss Webster mice through intraperitoneal injections of harmaline (10\u00a0mg\/kg) on Days 1, 3, and 5 of the study. During the same period, agmatine (40\u00a0mg\/kg) was administered for 5 consecutive days. Behavioral assessments of tremor severity, gait, balance, muscular strength, locomotion, anxiety\u2010like behavior, and memory were conducted. Moreover, Lingo\u20101 and interleukin (IL)\u20106 gene expression was examined in the cerebellum using real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings demonstrated that agmatine administration significantly reduced tremors, ameliorated anxiety\u2010like behaviors, and attenuated harmaline\u2010induced locomotor deficits. At the molecular level, agmatine treatment significantly suppressed the overexpression of Lingo\u20101 elicited by harmaline. Moreover, IL\u20106 expression was attenuated to an extent comparable to control levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, this study provides the first evidence that agmatine dampens tremor severity, improves behavioral outcomes, and modulates key pathways implicated in ET pathogenesis in a rodent model. The ability of agmatine to normalize Lingo\u20101 and IL\u20106 expression suggests regulation of these pathways could underlie its neuroprotective action. These results suggest promise for agmatine as a prospective therapeutic agent in ET.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T22:39:56Z","timestamp":1736375996000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Therapeutic Potential of Agmatine in Essential Tremor Through Regulation of Lingo\u20101 and Inflammatory Pathways"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zeynab","family":"Pirmoradi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of Medical Sciences  Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Esmaili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of Medical Sciences  Kerman 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