{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T02:04:43Z","timestamp":1791857083002,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005688","name":"Gottfried und Julia Bangerter-Rhyner-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005688","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study large\u2010scale network processing in visual snow syndrome (VSS) with and without migraine, we applied resting\u2010state electroencephalographic microstate analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>VSS is characterized by a spectrum of visual symptoms, with the main symptom being perceived as flickering dots throughout the visual field. The syndrome is associated with migraine and tinnitus and is considered a network disorder, but the cause and pathophysiology are still largely unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this case\u2013control study, resting\u2010state electroencephalography (EEG) recordings were selected from a cohort of 21 subjects with VSS (8 females, 33 \u00b1 9.56 years, 14 migraines) and 21 matched controls (8 females, 33 \u00b1 11.1 years, 14 migraines). An analysis of parameters between the four canonical microstate Classes A\u2013D was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      VSS patients showed an overall shorter duration (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001, Cohen's\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.48) and lower mean amplitude (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001, Cohen's\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.76) of microstates compared to the controls. In addition, we found an aberrant syntax of microstate Class A (auditive and visual processing) with more (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001, Cohen's\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.57) transitions to Class B (visual) and less (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.011,\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.71) to Class C (interoceptive, salience) compared to controls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is a complex disorder, affecting widespread neural network activity. In VSS, electroencephalography (EEG) microstate analysis revealed unstable microstates as well as aberrant transition probabilities, indicating disturbed large\u2010scale network activity. The analysis of microstate dynamics in VSS complements the results of imaging with high temporal resolution and could contribute to the development of future treatment approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T04:39:22Z","timestamp":1741927162000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Electroencephalographic Resting\u2010State Microstates are Unstable in Visual Snow Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4198-3130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Aeschlimann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Bern  Bern 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