{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:00:00Z","timestamp":1772118000114,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study aims to identify risk factors associated with cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease and to develop a predictive model to facilitate early clinical detection, diagnosis, and management, thereby enhancing patient prognosis and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 351 PD patients were enrolled from the Department of Neurology at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between January 2022 and December 2023. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, and patients were subsequently categorized into cognitively normal (PD\u2010NC) and cognitively impaired (PD\u2010CI) groups. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors, and a predictive model was constructed and validated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 351 patients with PD, 188 cases were in the PD\u2043NC group and 163 cases were in the PD\u2043CI group, with an incidence of cognitive impairment of 46.4%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that H\u2013Y classification, HAMA score, homocysteine, uric acid, and folic acid were significant predictors and were incorporated into the regression equation. The constructed prediction model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.738.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cognitive function of PD patients is influenced by H\u2013Y classification, HAMA score, homocysteine, uric acid, and folic acid. The constructed prediction model demonstrates good discrimination and calibration, providing a reference basis for early clinical identification and intervention of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T08:24:55Z","timestamp":1741854295000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Early Detection and Management of Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: A Predictive Model Approach"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3890-1405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Cancer First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572\u2010021\u201000292\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.56.6.730"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572\u2010021\u201000280\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.12445"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148\u2010019\u20100741\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.22360"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276\u2010018\u20100063\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(21)00218\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0197\u20104580(02)00065\u20109"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"36","article-title":"Active Folate Versus Folic Acid: The Role of 5\u2010MTHF (Methylfolate) in Human Health","volume":"21","author":"Carboni L.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Integrative Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28404"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2019.105587"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.4152"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn327"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13143"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57090972"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010018\u20103548\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2023.107866"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.03.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986\u2010017\u20100233\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010022\u201015630\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102484"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12483"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a\u20101099\u20109332"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.24893"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S88968"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00156"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166\u20102236(03)00032\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201809469"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(23)01478\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u20105415.2005.53221.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S460938"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13386"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010022\u201011361\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531\u2010020\u201000121\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00156"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3381"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22139"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2024.10.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12903"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp\u20102015\u2010310383"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm\u201022\u2010276"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2012.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9539836"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173731"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102522"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008502"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311\u2010020\u201000963\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2021.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2021.102873"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14420"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.70423","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T01:43:15Z","timestamp":1749433395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.70423"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.70423"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.70423","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70423\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70423\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70423\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70423\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70423\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70423"}}