{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T18:17:41Z","timestamp":1779905861670,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271161"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The phantom sound of tinnitus can be an extremely debilitating condition. The thalamocortical dysrhythmia (TCD) hypothesis is a feature of subjective tinnitus; however, its consistency in characterizing different types of tinnitus remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We compared theta\u2013beta\/gamma coupling in multichannel EEG recordings from subjects with bothersome tinnitus (BT), non\u2010bothersome tinnitus (NBT), and healthy controls (HC). Additionally, we used these EEG features to distinguish BT from NBT by employing the k\u2010nearest neighbor (KNN) model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Theta\u2013beta\/gamma phase\u2010amplitude coupling (PAC) was enhanced in the auditory cortex of both BT and NBT groups compared to HC. In contrast, theta\u2013beta\/gamma PAC was specifically enhanced in the cingulate gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus in the BT group. Notably, theta\u2013gamma PAC in the orbitofrontal cortex was attenuated in the BT group and showed a negative correlation with their THI scores. By integrating theta\u2013beta\/gamma PAC into a machine learning algorithm, up to 92% of BT patients were accurately identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>TCD in BT patients was characterized by enhanced theta\u2013beta\/gamma PAC in the auditory cortex, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampal gyrus and attenuated theta\u2013gamma PAC in the orbitofrontal cortex. The latter was significantly negatively correlated with THI scores. These PAC features, which could objectively distinguish BT patients by machine learning, may support the specificity of PAC features in tinnitus characterization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T11:08:17Z","timestamp":1749726497000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Theta\u2013Beta\/Gamma Coupling Identifies Bothersome Tinnitus Induced by Thalamocortical Dysrhythmia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1644-295X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shujian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Salvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing  Shanghai China"},{"name":"SUNY Distinguished Professor Center for Hearing and Deafness, 137 Cary Hall University at Buffalo  New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shankai","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.06.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(13)60142\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429\u2010021\u201002284\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106\u2010019\u20100633\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.11.Jns10335"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2015.00124"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020400050030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00029.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2012.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.01.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2011.595781"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2011.575178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/<\/number>\/j.neuron.2010.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20102007\u2010997020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102273.1994.tb01147.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0815\u201048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2005.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0b013e31827d113a"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915\u2010022\u201001288\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal3175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2004.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2016.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000164800454503"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj070"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1996.01890140029007"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","first-page":"153","article-title":"Psychometric Adequacy of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) for Evaluating Treatment Outcome","volume":"9","author":"Newman C. W.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23152"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/156869"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.04.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2015.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.5054\u201014.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378\u20105955(03)00074\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/audiores.2019.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814545325"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162\u2010018\u201000709\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.04.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010018\u201002820\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139622"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673\u20105374.310692"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2006.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.3711\u201006.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5285362"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.70437","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T07:43:56Z","timestamp":1755071036000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.70437"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.70437"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.70437","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70437"}}