{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:29:22Z","timestamp":1789478962243,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tracheostomy (TCT) surgery and subsequent tracheal cannula (TC) insertion involve several physical, communicative, and psychological changes for the patient. Decreased mood and dysfunctional states such as morbid anxiety, depression, and stress are often experienced in these clinical situations, and affect the quality of life (QoL) and the rehabilitation process. This review aims to examine the studies in the literature on adjustment disorders (AjD) in patients with TCT or TC and how this affects their QoL during the rehabilitation process.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Studies were identified from an online search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases. Studies published between 2013\u20132023 were selected. This review has been registered on OSF (n): DOI 10.17605\/OSF.IO\/RHX3J.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TCT patients were found to experience AjD in terms of anxiety, depression, and stress, which may have a significant impact on QoL and the recovery\/extubation time during long\u2010term rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The AjD must be considered seriously and carefully during the rehabilitation process in tracheostomized patients, as it can have significant repercussions on the QoL and caregivers. The rehabilitation path must consider the problems linked to this condition: physical, communicative, and psychological.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T02:59:04Z","timestamp":1748401144000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Adjustment Disorders and Quality of Life in Patients With Tracheostomy and Tracheal Cannula: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Calderone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Corallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino\u2010Pulejo  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2052-0970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Cardile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino\u2010Pulejo  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmela","family":"Rifici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino\u2010Pulejo  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizia","family":"Caminiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino\u2010Pulejo  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Conti\u2010Nibali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino\u2010Pulejo  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6375-2360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serena","family":"Filoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neuro\u2010Rehabilitation IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza  San Giovanni Rotondo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rocco Salvatore","family":"Calabr\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino\u2010Pulejo  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1485544"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012243790-8\/50010-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.10.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613\u2010020\u201000671\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S118419"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2021.101580"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2014.01.005"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Elevating Tracheostomy Care through Data\u2010Driven Innovation: What Can Education, Evidence\u2010Based Practice, and Quality Improvement Learn From One another?","volume":"1","author":"Brenner M. 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