{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:51:08Z","timestamp":1788922268336,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the widespread impact of opioid use disorder, pharmacological options for treatment remain limited. Recent studies find that cocaine exposure decreases the expression of the glutamate transporter GLT\u20101 in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and that treatment with the beta\u2010lactam antibiotic ceftriaxone rescues this loss of expression and reduces cue\u2010induced reinstatement to cocaine self\u2010administration. The novel beta\u2010lactam derivative MC\u2010100093 (093) lacks antimicrobial properties but crosses the blood\u2010brain barrier more rapidly and retains the beneficial effects of ceftriaxone following cocaine. However, 093 effects following oxycodone exposure have not been examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used intravenous self\u2010administration (IVSA) of oxycodone in rats to test if 093 can attenuate oxycodone seeking. Membrane expression of GLT\u20101 in the NAc was investigated using western blots. Conditioned place preference (CPP) was used to test the effect of oxycodone and cocaine alone on GLT\u20101 expression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We find that 093 injections following IVSA of oxycodone in rats did not reduce cue\u2010induced reinstatement. Interestingly, western blot analysis revealed that 093 failed to upregulate the expression of GLT\u20101 in the NAc of oxycodone\u2010exposed animals. Follow\u2010up CPP experiments suggest that oxycodone exposure alone does not decrease GLT\u20101 expression as cocaine does.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results indicate that drug\u2010specific reductions in NAc GLT\u20101 expression may be necessary for 093's efficacy. Further investigation into 093 and other opioids is needed to fully understand their relationship with GLT\u20101 expression and beta\u2010lactams.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T07:24:28Z","timestamp":1752132268000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Differential Modulation of Glutamate Transporter\u20101 by Cocaine and Oxycodone and the Efficacy of MC\u2010100093 to Reduce Reinstatement of Self\u2010Administration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Damyan W.","family":"Hart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Medical Discovery Team on Addiction University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota 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