{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T05:39:56Z","timestamp":1761975596716,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,12]],"date-time":"2017-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Hospital Organization Headquarters Center for Support of Clinical Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the potential utility of the frontal assessment battery (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAB<\/jats:styled-content>) in assessing cognitive impairments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALS<\/jats:styled-content>), we investigated the association between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAB<\/jats:styled-content> score and regional gray matter volume, and ascertained whether the regional brain alterations related to cognitive impairments occur in relatively mild stage of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALS<\/jats:styled-content> patients with a Mini\u2010Mental State Examination score of &gt;23, a normal score on the Self\u2010Rating Depression Scale, little or no disturbance in speech and handling utensils on the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALS<\/jats:styled-content> Functional Rating Scale (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALSFRS<\/jats:styled-content>), and normal measures on respiratory tests (respiratory function test and arterial blood gas analysis), and two age\u2010matched normal control groups (one for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAB<\/jats:styled-content> assessment and the other for brain morphometry) underwent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAB<\/jats:styled-content> testing and structural magnetic resonance imaging. We applied voxel\u2010based morphometry to investigate the relationship between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAB<\/jats:styled-content> score and regional brain alteration, and assessed the relationship between the altered regional brain volume and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALSFRS<\/jats:styled-content> or respiratory tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Frontal assessment battery scores were significantly lower in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALS<\/jats:styled-content> patients than in normal controls. Volume reduction in the right orbitofrontal gyrus in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALS<\/jats:styled-content> was correlated with a lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAB<\/jats:styled-content> score. There was no correlation between the right orbitofrontal gyrus volume and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALSFRS<\/jats:styled-content> or respiratory tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggest that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAB<\/jats:styled-content> is an adequate tool for detecting cognitive impairments related to frontal lobe pathology in the relatively mild stage of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALS<\/jats:styled-content>, independent of physical dysfunctions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,12]],"date-time":"2017-04-12T12:44:40Z","timestamp":1492001080000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Frontal assessment battery and frontal atrophy in amyotrophic lateral 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