{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T07:09:47Z","timestamp":1778742587803,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to explore the value of pre\u2010treatment levels of CD3+CD56+ NKT cells and CD19+ B cells in evaluating the\u00a0relapse\u00a0of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) treated with rituximab.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 166 NMOSD patients admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to August 2022 were included in this study. All patients received rituximab and were followed up for 1 year. Based on their\u00a0relapse\u00a0status, patients were categorized into a\u00a0relapse\u00a0group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 10) and a\u00a0non\u2010relapse\u00a0group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 156). Peripheral venous blood samples were collected, and the pre\u2010treatment levels of CD3+CD56+ NKT and CD19+ B cells were measured using flow cytometry. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing\u00a0relapse, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of these cells for\u00a0relapse.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The relapse group had significantly lower levels of CD3+CD56+ NKT cells and higher levels of CD19+ B cells compared to the\u00a0non\u2010relapse\u00a0group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\u00a0Multivariate analysis confirmed that lower pre\u2010treatment CD3+CD56+ NKT cell levels (OR = 1.549, 95% CI: 1.068\u20132.199;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and higher CD19+ B cell levels (OR = 1.272, 95% CI: 1.039\u20131.758;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002) were potential independent predictors of relapse.\u00a0ROC curve analysis showed that the combined model\u00a0yielded a modest predictive value (AUC = 0.652,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05), which was statistically superior to that of either biomarker alone.\u00a0During follow\u2010up, rituximab was generally well\u2010tolerated, with infusion\u2010related reactions (18.1%) and infections (11.4%) being the most common adverse events.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pre\u2010treatment levels of CD3+CD56+ NKT cells and CD19+ B cells\u00a0are potential markers\u00a0for evaluating the risk of\u00a0relapse\u00a0in NMOSD patients treated with rituximab,\u00a0although their predictive accuracy is modest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T10:45:51Z","timestamp":1760093151000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of CD3+CD56+ NKT and CD19+ B Cells in Assessing the Relapse of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Patients Treated With Rituximab"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingyue","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2411-028X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengjun","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000201260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000339"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2023.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.104524"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-8118-10-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30280-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000159399.81861.D5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-021-01000-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-021-01792-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.104938"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1056944"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759091415605486"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-023-11634-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13223-021-00596-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.1276"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031672"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ITT.S255722"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2022.1028653"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf151"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-01773-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-022-01223-w"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","article-title":"Immune Repertoire Profiling Reveals Its Clinical Application Potential and Triggers for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders","volume":"10","author":"Miao Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurology(R) Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15312"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02661-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.933415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.95873"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-013-1172-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-022-01206-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15112534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13836"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001729"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12267"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-4110"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","article-title":"High\u2010Throughput Investigation of Molecular and Cellular Biomarkers in NMOSD","volume":"7","author":"Yandamuri S. S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurology(R) Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000520745"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14608"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12080995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/uzzz6d"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.70950","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/brb3.70950","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.70950","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T06:29:53Z","timestamp":1778740193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.70950"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.70950"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.70950","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70950\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70950\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70950\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70950\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/BRB3.70950\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70950"}}