{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:58:55Z","timestamp":1791561535918,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nurses are key to the early detection of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, gaps in the literature and misconceptions can delay care; evidence of this from Saudi Arabia is limited. This study was done to examine nurses\u2019 understanding of autism within the Saudi context, inform targeted educational programs, enhance clinical practice, and contribute to closing the persistent global gaps in nurses\u2019 knowledge of ASD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, we employed a cross\u2010sectional online survey of 180 registered nurses to assess their ASD knowledge and beliefs with the aid of the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM\u2010IV\u2010TR) based criteria and a modified Autism Survey. Moreover, we applied descriptive statistics, chi\u2010square tests with Cram\u00e9r's\n                      <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and Pearson's correlations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Most nurses identified core characteristics, such as lack of eye contact (79.7%), social unresponsiveness (79.7%), and interaction difficulties (79.1%); fewer identified symptom onset before 36 months (53.8%). Misconceptions included \u201ccold parenting\u201d (33.7%), association with intellectual disability (26.7%), and belief that ASD can be outgrown (46.1%). The nurses\u2019 endorsement of intervention for speech therapy (96.7%), special education (94.5%), and parental counseling (87.6%) was the highest; no respondent identified the Applied Behavior Analysis. Correlations between demographics and recognition were weak; prior autism education modestly improved the recognition of unusual mannerisms (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.155,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.037).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the awareness of overt ASD traits is high, limited early onset knowledge, persistence, and evidence\u2010based interventions warrant targeted and culturally informed training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T05:52:31Z","timestamp":1768888351000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Understanding Autism through the Eyes of Nurses: a Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8232-1040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monirah","family":"Albloushi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8236-9789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reem Saeed","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal and Child Healthcare, College of Nursing King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54905\/disssi\/v26i128\/ms418e2406"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19063438"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.55829"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S377521"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2022.103054"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5409\/wjcp.v10.i3.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2022_PERSP\u201022\u201000087"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"198","article-title":"Autism Knowledge among the Public in Saudi Arabia","volume":"5","author":"Almana Y.","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Academic Scientific Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16040658"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12161596"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/4815914"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.51645"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children9091269"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17712\/nsj.2017.3.20160525"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19063648"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association.2022.Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). 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