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These factors can induce intricate changes in neural activity, leading to variations in shooting performance. This study aims to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying brain activity during the shooting preparation phase in high\u2010risk tasks (e.g., Hostage\u2010Rescue Condition) and high\u2010precision tasks (e.g., Long\u2010Range Condition).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals, the shooting performance metrics, and the self\u2010report measures were collected from 30 shooters who completed shooting tasks under three conditions: Hostage\u2010Rescue Condition, Long\u2010Range Condition, and Close\u2010Range Condition. EEG signals were subjected to sensor\u2010level spectral analysis, source\u2010level spectral analysis, functional connectivity analysis, and graph\u2010theoretic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with Close\u2010Range Condition, shooters exhibited the following characteristics during Hostage\u2010Rescue Condition and Long\u2010Range Condition: (1) perceived pressure increased significantly; however, shooting score and aiming time improved significantly only in the Hostage\u2010Rescue Condition; (2) significant differences were observed across multiple frequency bands and brain regions. Sensor\u2010level spectral analysis revealed the greatest number of significant differences in beta\u2010band event\u2010related desynchronization\/synchronization across conditions. Source\u2010space analysis indicated that the theta band exhibited the highest number of significant differences across conditions; (3) functional connectivity between the frontal lobe and other lobes weakened significantly, whereas intra\u2010lobar connectivity strengthened significantly. In addition, small\u2010worldness increased, but the clustering coefficient and global efficiency decreased significantly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Under Hostage\u2010Rescue Condition and Long\u2010Range Condition, shooters perceived greater pressure, yet the shooting score improved only under Hostage\u2010Rescue Condition. Intra\u2010lobar functional connectivity strengthened, whereas connectivity between the frontal lobe and other lobes was suppressed. Nodal clustering coefficients increased in vision\u2010related regions but decreased in semantically related regions. These changes indicate that, when confronting Hostage\u2010rescue and Long\u2010Range Conditions, the brain achieves adaptive regulation by redistributing neural resources to optimize information\u2010processing efficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:46:29Z","timestamp":1773103589000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neural Mechanisms of Shooting Preparation Under High\u2010Risk and High\u2010Precision Tasks: A Multiscale EEG Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Engineering Engineering University of the People's Armed Police Force  Xi'an 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