{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T20:22:39Z","timestamp":1787602959877,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post\u2010stroke movement disorders consisting of complex involuntary movement patterns with parkinsonism, dystonia, hemiballismus\/hemichorea, and tremor represent a therapeutical challenge. Deep brain stimulation has been considered an effective treatment option, although it remains unclear which DBS targets should be approached.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An individual participant data meta\u2010analysis was conducted analyzing the efficacy (Burke\u00a0Fahn Marsden\u00a0Dystonia Rating Scale (BFM)\u2010motor\/\u2010disability and the Fahn\u2010Tolosa\u2010Mar\u00edn\u00a0Scale\u00a0for tremor (FTMTRS)) of pallidal (GPi) deep brain stimulation versus thalamic (VIM) versus GPi + VIM. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid Medline, and Scopus were searched from 2000 to 2025. Additionally, correlation\/regression analyses (age, duration of disease, stimulation parameters) were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixteen studies including 32 patients (34.4% male; 65.6% female) were enrolled targeting the GPi (63.2%) versus VIM (23.6%) versus GPi\/VIM\u2010DBS (13.2%). Dystonia with tremor was found in 53%, dystonia with hemichorea\/choreoathetosis in 50% (age at disease onset: 10 \u00b1 18 years, age at DBS surgery: 37 \u00b1 15 years, disease duration: 28 \u00b1 19 years). GPi\u2010DBS improved dystonia (BFM\u2010motor: 6\u201312 months\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.005 and &gt;12 months\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.038; BFM\u2010disability 6\u201312 months\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.038) with no significant\/relevant changes for VIM and GPi\/VIM. No correlations were determined between DBS outcome and stimulation protocol and demographic characteristics. Adverse events occurred in 19%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DBS is effective for treating post\u2010stroke movement disorders of various etiologies. Given the heterogeneity, selection, and reporting bias, the published data is limited in providing high\u2010quality evidence. Hence, the authors advocate a multifocal DBS approach along with trial stimulation determined under a rigorous study protocol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T06:41:47Z","timestamp":1771310507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Deep Brain Stimulation for Post\u2010Stroke Movement Disorders of Various Etiologies: An Individual Participant Data (IPD) Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kinfe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mannheim Center for Neuromodulation and Neuroprosthetics (MCNN), Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University  Mannheim Germany"},{"name":"Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University  Mannheim Germany"},{"name":"Mannheim Comprehensive Medical Systems Technology Campus (MCSC), Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University  Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences  Faridabad Haryana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Regensburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Neurology Friedrich\u2010Alexander University (FAU)  Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg Germany"},{"name":"Center for Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER) University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich\u2010Alexander University (FAU)  Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Zaubitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mannheim Center for Neuromodulation and Neuroprosthetics (MCNN), Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University  Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Achim","family":"Schilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mannheim Center for Neuromodulation and Neuroprosthetics (MCNN), Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University  Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mannheim Center for Neuromodulation and Neuroprosthetics (MCNN), Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University  Mannheim 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