{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:32:39Z","timestamp":1790278359430,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The infant\u2013parent relationship is theorized to be related to the origins of psychotic experiences, given the key role of infant\u2013parent attachment and early\u2010life caregiving in children's neurodevelopmental trajectories. Yet, the magnitude of this association is not well understood, and research is often based on self\u2010reports. We examined the relationship of disconnected and extremely insensitive parenting and disorganized infant attachment with the occurrence of psychotic experiences in childhood and adolescence. We additionally examined the role of maternal experiences of loss, a hypothesized antecedent of disconnected parenting, disorganized attachment, and psychotic experiences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This prospective study (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 627) is embedded in the Generation R Study. Maternal experiences of loss within 2 years of the child's birth were self\u2010reported. Parenting behaviors (based on continuous scores) and the infant\u2013parent attachment were observed when infants were 14 months old. Psychotic experiences were self\u2010reported via questionnaires at ages 10 and 14 years. We used a structural equation model adjusted for covariates to assess the association between maternal loss experiences, parenting behaviors, infant disorganized attachment, and psychotic experiences.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extreme insensitive parenting was associated with more hallucinations and delusions at age 14 years (hallucinations OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.07\u20131.66; delusions OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.02\u20131.68). Disorganized infant attachment and disconnected parenting were not related to psychotic experiences. Maternal experiences of loss were not associated with psychotic experiences, and we found no evidence for a pathway between maternal experiences of loss, parenting behaviors, or disorganized attachment, and subsequent psychotic experiences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that the role of disorganized infant\u2013parent attachment in the risk of psychotic experiences of children from the general population might be smaller than expected. Instead, our results suggest that adverse caregiving behaviors related to harsh and maltreating parenting very early in development may predict psychotic experiences in adolescence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T16:59:25Z","timestamp":1772989165000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Early Parenting and Infant\u2013Parent Attachment: Developmental Origins of Psychotic Experiences"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7426-6181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea P.","family":"Cortes Hidalgo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychology Erasmus MC  Rotterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica de la Corporaci\u00f3n para Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5410-1531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koen","family":"Bolhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychology Erasmus MC  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4395-1397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henning","family":"Tiemeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7763-0711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian J.","family":"Bakermans\u2010Kranenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William James Center for Research Ispa \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Personality, Social and Developmental Psychology Stockholm University  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Facultad de Psicolog\u00eda y Humanidades Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n  Valdivia Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1144-454X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marinus H.","family":"van IJzendoorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Psicolog\u00eda y Humanidades Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n  Valdivia Chile"},{"name":"Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology UCL  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579419001317"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f7679"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","volume-title":"Manual for the Youth Self\u2010Report and 1991 Profile","author":"Achenbach T. M.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003\u2010066X.34.10.932"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","volume-title":"Patterns of Attachment: A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation","author":"Ainsworth M. S.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291720002421"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14616739900134211"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.20046"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579421001735"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027442"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/9.8.541"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359104502007004006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Attachment Theory and Psychosis: Current Perspectives and Future Directions","author":"Berry K.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20841"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2020.05.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12891"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.06.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbac195"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2017.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20337"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715001567"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.12.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12855"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.3155"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000001634"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.1997.tb04218.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","volume-title":"Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI): Administration, Scoring and Procedures Manual","author":"Derogatis L. R.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787\u2010024\u201002436\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbs088"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.09.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444316568.wiem02057"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12213"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.12677"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20108624.2011.01711.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691616680612"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14616734.2021.1918454"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291719000485"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579406060172"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654\u2010008\u20109309\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398\u2010018\u20100204\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","unstructured":"Jorgensen T. D. S.Pornprasertmanit A. M.Schoemann andY.Rosseel.2022.semTools: Useful Tools for Structural Equation Modeling.https:\/\/CRAN.R\u2010project.org\/package=semTools."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583\u2010199707000\u201000021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291711002960"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp057"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654\u2010016\u20100224\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867413484370"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033\u20103204.41.4.472"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psychotherapy.2016.70.1.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20446"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2011.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000433"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000388"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","first-page":"161","volume-title":"Attachment in the Preschool Years: Theory, Research, and Intervention","author":"Main M.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Attachment in the Preschool Years: Theory, Research, and Intervention","author":"Main M.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01433932"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1516\/AGD4\u2010FLA0\u201094M9\u20105PTP"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s095457941700013x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14616730903132289"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.1.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.10.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/fam0000934"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474\u2010020\u201000219\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbad079"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(21)00682\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","unstructured":"R Core Team.2020.R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12389"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i02"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40653\u2010021\u201000400\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001614"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022\u2010006x.67.1.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","unstructured":"Schuengel C. M. L.Verhage M. H.vanIJzendoorn et\u00a0al.Unpublished work Revisiting the Multiverse Analyses of Unresolved Loss and Disorganized Attachment."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164418783530"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291720002172"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14616730500365928"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291722002550"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13281"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2021.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13282"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech\u20102019\u2010212367"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17470919.2010.538219"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15295192.2012.709150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v045.i03"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127\u2010014\u20100894\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14324\/111.9781800086500"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579499002035"}],"container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.71286","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/brb3.71286","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/brb3.71286","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T06:06:00Z","timestamp":1775973960000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/brb3.71286"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"references-count":90,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/brb3.71286"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.71286","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-3279","2162-3279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-3279","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-3279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71286"}}