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Their number increased significantly between P5 and P10, it remained almost constant between P10 and P15, then declined slightly until P30. The size of intracallosal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NK<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:sub>IP<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>\u2010n<\/jats:sub> increased constantly from P5 (102.3\u00a0\u03bcm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) to P30 (262.07\u00a0\u03bcm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). From P5 onward, their distribution pattern was adult\u2010like, that is, they were more numerous in the lateral and intermediate parts of the cc, and declined to few or none approaching the midline. At P5, intracallosal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NK<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:sub>IP<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>\u2010n<\/jats:sub> had a predominantly round cell bodies with primary dendrites of different thickness from which originated thinner secondary branches. Between P10 and P15, dendrites were longer and more thickly branched, and displayed several varicosities as well as short, thin appendages. Between P20 and P30, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NK<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:sub>IP<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>\u2010n<\/jats:sub> were qualitatively indistinguishable from those of adult animals and could be classified as bipolar (fusiform and rectangular), round\u2013polygonal, and pyramidal (triangular\u2013pyriform).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Number of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NK<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:sub>IP<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>\u2010n<\/jats:sub> increase between P5 and P10, then declines, but unlike other intracallosal neurons, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NK<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:sub>IP<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>\u2010n<\/jats:sub> make up a significant population in the adult cc. These findings suggest that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NK<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:sub>IP<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>\u2010n<\/jats:sub> may be involved in the myelination of callosal axons, could play an important role in their pathfinding. Since they are also found in adult rat cc, it is likely that their role changes during lifetime.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]],"date-time":"2017-05-02T17:28:52Z","timestamp":1493746132000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Substance P <scp>NK<\/scp>1 receptor in the rat corpus callosum during postnatal development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3915-2290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Barbaresi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neuroscience and Cell Biology Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Marche Polytechnic University  Ancona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Mens\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neuroscience and Cell Biology Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Marche 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