{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T09:03:28Z","timestamp":1780909408329,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intraoperative language tasks often inadequately assess complex grammatical processes. This study aims to improve Persian cortical mapping by integrating object naming and sentence completion tasks. Multi\u2010task language (MTL), consisted of an object naming task and a semantically relevant verb, was designed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The content validity ratio (CVR) and index (CVI) were calculated to determine task items retention. Twenty\u2010five right\u2010handed patients with brain mass lesions in language\u2010associated regions were enrolled. Each patient received a medical recommendation for awake surgery, and preoperative fMRI data were collected through verb and syntax generation tasks. Activations in language\u2010related regions for object naming, word generation, and MTL were compared. Lateralization of brain activity was evaluated for each participant by calculating the Laterality Index (LI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The CVR for all items ranged from 0.9 to 1 (0.93 \u00b1 0.09), while the CVI ranged from 0.8 to 1 (0.94 \u00b1 0.07). Significant activations were identified during object naming, particularly in the left precentral gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus (\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 7.53). For word generation, activations were bilateral in the fusiform gyrus and Broca (\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 5.54). The MTL task showed its highest activation in the fusiform and inferior temporal gyrus (\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 6.86). A significant difference was found between the LI of object naming and word generation (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.003), while MTL comparisons were not statistically significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The developed Persian intraoperative language paradigm, named MTL, demonstrated validity and feasibility, with significant activation in key language areas, particularly the left inferior frontal gyrus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T07:06:22Z","timestamp":1774940782000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Persian Paradigm for Language Cortical Mapping: Development, Feasibility, and Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4510-4511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Tabibkhooei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Skull Base Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4139-6876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Jalali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Neuroimaging and Analysis Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Advanced Medical Technologies and Equipment Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5570-2815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid","family":"Valinejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7005-2170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ehsan","family":"Shekari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Advanced Technologies Faculty Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2833-2472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdi","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Imaging Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6071-0055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeinab","family":"Oghabian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging and Analysis Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Advanced Medical Technologies and Equipment Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR) Tehran University of Medical Science  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering Shahid Beheshti University  Tehran 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