{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T09:04:39Z","timestamp":1780909479338,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcoidosis, characterized by granulomatous inflammation across multiple systems, has an unclear connection with ischemic stroke and shared molecular pathways. This study\u00a0explores the\u00a0link between\u00a0sarcoidosis\u00a0and ischemic stroke, focusing\u00a0on the role of inflammatory markers using large population datasets and multi\u2010omics approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data\u00a0from 452,382 UK Biobank\u00a0participants, followed for an\u00a0average of\u00a013.8 years, were combined with transcriptomic\u00a0profiles from the GEO database (GSE58294 and GSE19314). A multivariable Cox regression was used\u00a0to\u00a0assess the association between sarcoidosis and ischemic\u00a0stroke. Mediation analysis evaluated\u00a0the\u00a0role of inflammatory markers. Differential\u00a0gene expression, GO and\u00a0KEGG\u00a0pathway\u00a0enrichment, and protein\u2013protein interaction networks were\u00a0analyzed to\u00a0explore shared molecular frameworks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sarcoidosis (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1760 cases) was found to independently increase the risk of ischemic stroke (HR = 1.335, 95% CI: 1.002\u20131.779). Sensitivity analysis using propensity\u00a0score matching yielded consistent effect estimates (HR = 1.37). Mediation analysis identified the systemic immune\u2010inflammation\u00a0index (SII, 8.43%), lymphocyte percentage (7.38%), and C\u2010reactive protein (CRP, 2.17%) as significant intermediaries. Transcriptomic analysis identified three genes\u2014ANKRD22, FCGR1A, and NOG\u2014with differential expression in both conditions, highlighting the\u00a0TGF\u2010\u03b2\/BMP signaling pathway and immune regulatory network\u00a0as shared\u00a0molecular\u00a0underpinnings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This\u00a0study provides the first\u00a0evidence\u00a0of a significant association between sarcoidosis and ischemic stroke in a large\u00a0cohort. By integrating analytical methods, it highlights the\u00a0role\u00a0of inflammatory factors and potential molecular interactions between immune and developmental pathways, offering new\u00a0insights for\u00a0stroke\u00a0risk reduction in\u00a0sarcoidosis patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T04:01:36Z","timestamp":1774584096000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Mediating Effect of Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Associations Between Sarcoidosis and Incident Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zihong","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenming","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaxuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanyuan","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yitong","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiqi","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Second People's Hospital of Guiyang (The Affiliated Jinyang Hospital of Guizhou Medical University)  Guiyang Guizhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinya","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education  Guangzhou Guangdong 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