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However, the precise mechanism remains to be elucidated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the hemodynamic response patterns in individuals with SAD using functional near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), as well as the association with severity of social anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010nine adolescents diagnosed with SAD, and 36 healthy control (HC) were included in this study. FNIRS was used to access the frontal and temporal cerebral hemodynamics, expressed as \u0394 \u03b2 values. The screen for child anxiety\u2010related emotional disorders (SCARED) and the social avoidance and distress scale (SAD) were used to assess severity of social anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants with SAD exhibited significantly increased \u0394\u03b2 values within channels CH22, CH34, and CH40 compared to the healthy control group. Conversely, diminished \u0394\u03b2 magnitudes were recorded in channels CH4 and CH41 among the SAD cohort relative to the HC group. The \u0394 \u03b2 value of CH4 was negatively correlated with the social avoidance subscale of SAD, while the \u0394 \u03b2 value of CH40 was positively correlated with the separation anxiety subscale of SCARED.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescents diagnosed with SAD display distinct hemodynamic responses in cortical regions, suggesting that such activation patterns may represent a potential biomarker for social anxiety The different regions of the pre\u2010frontal cortex may play distinct roles in social avoidance and separation anxiety in adolescents with SAD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.71357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T07:07:43Z","timestamp":1774940863000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distinct Cortical Activation in Adolescents With Social Anxiety Disorder: An fNIRS Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Huishan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Clinical Medical College Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan China"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinru","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Humanities and Social Science Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan China"},{"name":"College of Medical Sciences Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihai","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Clinical Medical College Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerard","family":"Leavey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bamford Centre for Mental Health &amp; 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